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排序方式: 共有72条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
This paper discusses consequences of violating the normal distribution assumption imbedded in Structural Equation Modeling
(SEM). Based on real data from a large sample customer satisfaction survey we follow the procedures as suggested in leading
textbooks. We document consequences of this practice and discuss its impact on decision making in marketing. 相似文献
2.
On a clear day you might see an environmental Kuznets curve 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We shed some new light on the Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and show how it can be viewed as a particular form of equilibrium
relationship, where technology and preference parameters determine the shape of the curve. In contrast to most of the literature
on the EKC, we estimate a theoretically consistent model on long-run data (Swedish sulfur emission, covering the period 1900–2002).
Furthermore, we test and date structural change. The model suggests four regimes, 1900–1918, 1919–1933, 1934–1967 and 1968–2002,
generating four rather different patterns for pollution over time. The policy-conclusions are consonant with Pearce’s general
view about the EKC: there is no theoretical presumption that it has an inverted U shape, nor should any country try to “grow
out of the environmental problems” without analyzing the benefits and costs of so doing. 相似文献
3.
4.
Accounting for Negative,Zero and Positive Willingness to Pay for Landscape Change in a National Park
Nick Hanley Sergio Colombo Bengt Kriström Fiona Watson 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2009,60(1):1-16
In contingent valuation, despite the fact that many externalities manifest themselves as costs to some and benefits to others, most studies restrict willingness to pay to being non‐negative. In this paper, we investigate the impact of allowing for negative, zero and positive preferences for prospective changes in woodland cover in two UK national parks, the Lake District and the Trossachs. An extended spike model is used to accomplish this. The policy implications of not allowing for negative values in terms of aggregate benefits are also investigated, by comparing the extended spike model with a simple spike making use of only zero and positive bids, and a model which considers positive bids only. We find that ignoring negative values over‐states the aggregate benefits of a woodland planting project by up to 44%. 相似文献
5.
Bengt von Bahr 《Scandinavian actuarial journal》2013,2013(4):190-204
Abstract During the latest few years much attention has been given to the study of the ruin problem of a risk business when the epochs of claims form a renewal process. The study of this problem was initiated by E. S. Andersen (1957). Thorin has then in a series of papers (Thorin, 1970, 1971a, 1971b) shown that the Wiener-Hopf technique, originally developed by Cramer (1955) in the case of a Poisson process, can be used in this more general case, and Takacs (1970) has derived results similar to those of Thorin by an entirely new technique. 相似文献
6.
Bengt Johannisson 《Entrepreneurship & Regional Development》2013,25(1):71-88
As starting and managing a small business means both social and economic risk taking so is building a robust community a social as well as an economic endeavour. Such a community is a most vital context for entrepreneurship. If located in a remote area and if the environment is hostile cooperation is stimulated between firms and other community groups. Their success is especially ascribed to qualified community entrepreneurship, i.e. personal and innovative ways of building support for local autonomous entrepreneurs. An integrative approach to local economic development is illustrated by two successful, albeit contrasting, Swedish cases. The cases are reviewed with the help of a conceptual framework that particularly points out the importance of local and global networking in both community and autonomous entrepreneurship. In a mixed economy such networks must be carefully managed and encompass linkages on, beside the market, institutional and political arenas. The very role of the community entrepreneur is to bridge these different settings through alert leadership, if required organized as a team. 相似文献
7.
Bengt Turner 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》1988,1(3):257-276
The aim of this paper is to describe the rent control system in Sweden, evaluate the effects on consumption and production in the housing market, and provide a public choice explanation of the present rent control system.The first section of this paper contains introductory remarks and an overview of the rental market in Sweden. The Swedish rent control system and its prerequisites are described in section 2. Attention is given to two important prerequisites: the existence of a large municipal housing sector and a strong tenants' movement. As a result, a rent system has been developed with all rents set by negotiations. The rent structure is determined by a fairness principle, which has some resemblance to market adapted rents. The rent level will be determined by a non-profit condition in municipal housing companies.In section 3 the effects of the existing rent control system are discussed with the municipality of Stockholm as a test case. Effects on rent level and rent structure are evaluated, and the relation between rent policy in municipal housing companies and resulting rents in private housing is analyzed. Gains and losses to tenants and landlords are evaluated as well as effects on construction and maintenance.In section 4 a political perspective is discussed. The aim is to explain why the system is not implemented in the market adapted way it was intended. Finally, the future of the rent system is discussed. 相似文献
8.
For more than three decades, China has managed to combine rapid economic growth with a strictly regulated financial sector. The discrepancy between economic and financial development has raised the question of whether China might be an exception to the so‐called finance–growth nexus. This study examines the relationship between finance and growth at the provincial level in China using a new set of measures of capital freedom and financial development. The results indicate that capital freedom and financial development are associated with both higher income and growth rates. In particular, we find that the marketisation of financial institutions and strengthening of legal and government institutions have a particularly strong impact on income and growth in low‐income provinces. 相似文献
9.
The assortment of drugs on the Swedish market has been analysed in order to illustrate its current structure and its qualitative and quantitative changes. The analysis comprises both active substances and pharmaceutical specialities, and it has in several cases been divided into different pharmacological groups and into Swedish and imported products. The main aspects are: market life of products introduced since 1960; withdrawal of drugs; age of the current assortment of drugs; structural changes during 15 years; new drugs introduced since 1960; combinations; synonyms. 相似文献
10.
Parveen Setia Bengt Hyberg Daniel de la Torre Ugarte Daryll Ray 《International Advances in Economic Research》1997,3(3):299-311
There is a general belief that federal commodity programs restrict adoption of more sustainable production systems. In the
1990 farm legislation, Congress introduced limited planting flexibility to address these concerns and to reduce federal farm
program costs. This program estimates the impact of planting flexibility on selected agricultural sustainability indicators
and its policy implications. Results show that planting flexibility is a necessary but not sufficient condition for implementing
more sustainable production systems. Other factors such as the availability of economically viable alternatives, macroeconomic
conditions, and local resource and environmental concerns need to be considered. Policy reforms can help in achieving economic
and environmental gains only in locations with economically viable alternatives. In other cases, increased research and development
of new systems are needed to achieve desired results. 相似文献