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1.
Summary Theory suggests that optimal contracts should include many contingencies to achieve optimal risk sharing. However, in practice, few contracts are as complex as theory suggests. This paper develops a model which is consistent with this observation. The lack of risk sharing results from the interplay of two factors. First, contingencies must be based on information produced by measurement systems, which may be manipulable. Second, when two parties to a contract meet, they often have incomplete information. The type of contract offered may reveal information about the party who proposes it. Different types of agents have different preferences over contingent contracts, because they have different abilities to manipulate the measurement system. These differences in preferences allow the parties to signal their types through the contracts they offer. Noncontingent contracts may be chosen in equilibrium because they are the only contracts which do not give any type an incentive to distort the measurement system and, hence, do not reveal information about the party proposing the contract.We have benefited from conversations with Oliver Hart, Rick Lambert, Michael Riordan and Jean Tirole and the comments of Michel Habib, Nick Yannelis and two anonymous referees. Financial support from the National Science Foundation under grants SES-8920048 and SES-8720589 is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
2.
In this paper we discuss some features of the balance of paymentsposition of the country that issues the key currency under differentinternational monetary standards. The analysis takes a Sraffianstandpoint, where the monetary rate of interestof the central country is seen as an independent policy variable.The critical analysis of the theories and experiences of earlierstandards helps us to understand the current floatingdollar standard in which the US economy becomes completelyfree of any balance of payments constraint. 相似文献
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E-Finance: An Introduction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Franklin Allen James McAndrews Philip Strahan 《Journal of Financial Services Research》2002,22(1-2):5-27
E-finance is defined as “The provision of financial services and markets using electronic communication and computation”. In this paper we outline research issues related to e-finance that we believe set the stage for further work in this field. Three areas are focused on. These are the use of electronic payments systems, the operations of financial services firms and the operation of financial markets. A number of research issues are raised. For example, is the widespread use of paper-based checks efficient? Will the financial services industry be fundamentally changed by the advent of the Internet? Why have there been such large differences in changes to market microstructure across different financial markets? 相似文献
6.
Credit risk transfer and contagion 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Some have argued that recent increases in credit risk transfer are desirable because they improve the diversification of risk. Others have suggested that they may be undesirable if they increase the risk of financial crises. Using a model with banking and insurance sectors, we show that credit risk transfer can be beneficial when banks face uniform demand for liquidity. However, when they face idiosyncratic liquidity risk and hedge this risk in an interbank market, credit risk transfer can be detrimental to welfare. It can lead to contagion between the two sectors and increase the risk of crises. 相似文献
7.
Using data covering every child born in California from 1961 to 2000, Fryer and Levitt (2004) find that in the 1960s, the differences in name choices by blacks and whites were relatively small, but that a profound
shift began among blacks in the mid-1970s toward more distinctively black names, especially among blacks in racially isolated
neighborhoods. As an extension of Fryer and Levitt (2004), this study uses data on the names of about 1,300 white children born over the four-year period from 1997 to 2000 and living
in a segment of a Metropolitan Statistical Area in the Deep South, and finds that use of combination first names—largely based
on combinations of single names included among the names of high-end white children from Fryer and Levitt (2004) and Levitt and Dubner (2005)—is significantly more prevalent among high-end white children than it is among low-end white children. Unlike the data described
in Fryer and Levitt (2004), which support an Identity Model wherein distinctively black names result from the Black Power movement that encouraged
blacks to “accentuate and affirm black culture and fight the claims of black inferiority,” the present study suggests that
high-end parents may use the combination first name convention to increase the likelihood of the child’s future success in
various partnership markets, such as dating, marriage and business-partnership markets. 相似文献
8.
Franklin G. Mixon jr 《国际广告杂志》2013,32(1):15-23
The positive role played by advertising in the market process has been largely ignored by academic economists. It is only recently, since the modern economic revolution, that economists have realized the benefits of advertising and have joined the research agenda developed by researchers in marketing and other business fields. The present survey details the literature that examines the role played by advertising in lowering the ‘full price’ to consumers which allows consumers to maximize utility and allows the producers/retailers to maximize profits. The review begins with the seminal article by Stigler in 1960 which develops a (now famous) theory of the economics of information. Nelson's characteristics of goods and services are surveyed along with the extensions of other economists to the classification frameworks of Nelson and Porter. The survey follows the development of the theory of advertising in economics to the present day, and provides recent theoretical advances as well as empirical tests of these seminal theories. 相似文献
9.
Franklin R. Edwards 《Journal of Financial Services Research》1988,1(3):231-251
Within four months of the stock market crash on October 19, 1987, there were six studies of what happened. The Brady Commission,
the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the General Accounting Office, the New York
Stock Exchange, and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange all produced reports that described and analyzed the Crash, and in some
cases made recommendations for additional regulation. This paper examines the conclusions and analyses contained in these
reports and provides a summary of their recommendations. Particular attention is given to the allegation that stock index
futures trading was a significant factor in the Crash. In addition, the recommendations that higher margins be imposed on
futures transactions and that formal trading halts be instituted in both the futures and stock markets are discussed in depth.
A major conclusion of this review is that new market-making procedures are needed to cope with the growing institutionalization
of trading in equity and equity-derivative markets.
Columbia University 相似文献
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