全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18429篇 |
免费 | 1321篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 3163篇 |
工业经济 | 1381篇 |
计划管理 | 3467篇 |
经济学 | 4407篇 |
综合类 | 257篇 |
运输经济 | 220篇 |
旅游经济 | 233篇 |
贸易经济 | 3821篇 |
农业经济 | 785篇 |
经济概况 | 1979篇 |
信息产业经济 | 1篇 |
邮电经济 | 37篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 139篇 |
2021年 | 215篇 |
2020年 | 413篇 |
2019年 | 760篇 |
2018年 | 659篇 |
2017年 | 912篇 |
2016年 | 817篇 |
2015年 | 660篇 |
2014年 | 738篇 |
2013年 | 2201篇 |
2012年 | 850篇 |
2011年 | 802篇 |
2010年 | 779篇 |
2009年 | 668篇 |
2008年 | 621篇 |
2007年 | 539篇 |
2006年 | 445篇 |
2005年 | 418篇 |
2004年 | 349篇 |
2003年 | 376篇 |
2002年 | 312篇 |
2001年 | 342篇 |
2000年 | 295篇 |
1999年 | 230篇 |
1998年 | 214篇 |
1997年 | 230篇 |
1996年 | 213篇 |
1995年 | 206篇 |
1994年 | 191篇 |
1993年 | 187篇 |
1992年 | 225篇 |
1991年 | 209篇 |
1990年 | 166篇 |
1989年 | 165篇 |
1988年 | 135篇 |
1987年 | 136篇 |
1986年 | 138篇 |
1985年 | 201篇 |
1984年 | 175篇 |
1983年 | 185篇 |
1982年 | 162篇 |
1981年 | 183篇 |
1980年 | 155篇 |
1979年 | 173篇 |
1978年 | 144篇 |
1977年 | 125篇 |
1976年 | 132篇 |
1975年 | 113篇 |
1974年 | 112篇 |
1973年 | 90篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The Review of Austrian Economics - A key insight in Hayek’s thought is the importance of so-called “local knowledge” in economic activity. In The Fatal Conceit, he states that... 相似文献
2.
Domènec Melé 《Business ethics (Oxford, England)》2021,30(4):772-783
While many studies on the Fourth Industrial Revolution (FIR) focus on efficiency, productivity and economic progress, only a few have considered its ethical aspects. This article tries to contribute to filling this vacuum by providing a comprehensive approach to ethical risks at the workplace. Drawing upon Catholic social teaching (CST)—addressed to all people of good will—it analyzes ethical aspects at the workplace posited by the FIR, and more particularly by Industry 4.0, which is at the core of this revolution. CST emphasizes the dignity of the worker and the necessity to flourish at the workplace. While robots, artificial intelligence, and interconnected technologies are only instrumental, the real subject of work is the worker. This casts specific light on the ethical issues analyzed, including effects on employment, wages and inequality, human quality treatment, relational aspects, safety and health, surveillance on employees, and meaningful work. 相似文献
3.
Julian A. Parra‐Polania 《The German Economic Review》2019,20(4):e1019-e1027
Forward guidance can be provided as an unconditional promise, i.e. commitment to a specific low policy rate. Alternatively, the promise may include an escape clause, i.e. a condition defining the state of the economy under which the central bank would not keep such a low rate and, instead, it would revert to setting policy under discretion. The escape clause can be expressed as a threshold in terms of a specific variable. The present paper shows that, when such a threshold is expressed in terms of an endogenous variable (e.g. output, inflation), there are cases where it becomes impossible for the central bank to act in a way that is consistent with its promise. Consistency imposes limits on the policy rate that can be set since reverting immediately to the optimal discretionary rate can be incompatible with exceeding the threshold. 相似文献
4.
Zi‐Yi Guo 《Bulletin of economic research》2019,71(3):359-387
We introduce a new type of heavy‐tailed distribution, the normal reciprocal inverse Gaussian distribution (NRIG), to the GARCH and Glosten‐Jagannathan‐Runkle (1993) GARCH models, and compare its empirical performance with two other popular types of heavy‐tailed distribution, the Student's t distribution and the normal inverse Gaussian distribution (NIG), using a variety of asset return series. Our results illustrate that there is no overwhelmingly dominant distribution in fitting the data under the GARCH framework, although the NRIG distribution performs slightly better than the other two types of distribution. For market indexes series, it is important to introduce both GJR‐terms and the NRIG distribution to improve the models’ performance, but it is ambiguous for individual stock prices series. Our results also show the GJR‐GARCH NRIG model has practical advantages in quantitative risk management. Finally, the convergence of numerical solutions in maximum‐likelihood estimation of GARCH and GJR‐GARCH models with the three types of heavy‐tailed distribution is investigated. 相似文献
5.
Intereconomics - Public procurement amounts to around 14% of European Union GDP and, given this size, could well represent an important tool to foster the green transition. However, green public... 相似文献
6.
Clémence Berson 《De Economist》2018,166(4):455-476
The French labor market is segmented between permanent and temporary workers. The second category has difficulty in getting an open-ended contract. This paper aims at depicting workers on short-term contracts and shows the consequences on their professional career are negative and significant. A large part of the wage gap between permanent and temporary workers remains unexplained by observable characteristics. They receive less on-the-job training and their likelihood of obtaining a stable job is lower than 30% after 1 year and a half. They have also a higher probability of being the adjustment variable in case of an economic negative shock. These different findings show the importance of using public policies to encourage transitions from fixed-term to permanent employment and reducing labor-market duality. 相似文献
7.
This study analyzes the macroeconomic impacts of subsidies to attract multinational corporations when firms are determining whether to enter or how to serve foreign markets. We show that a small FDI subsidy scheme induces consumption gains and delivers short‐term welfare improvement for the FDI host country if firms differ in productivity. However, the subsidy generates a new problem and results in the wealth reallocation effect, leading to welfare deterioration for the host country in the long run. Moreover, we find that a subsidy program induces a welfare improvement for the host country if it is offered to all domestic producers instead of foreign producers only in the host country. 相似文献
8.
9.
Disclosure standards mandate the quantitative disclosure of hedging‐instrument‐related risks but not the disclosure of hedged‐item‐related risks. We examine how a match (mismatch) in formats, caused by making quantitative (qualitative) hedged item disclosures alongside quantitative hedging instrument disclosures, affects investors' integration of information from these two related disclosures. Our first experiment varies the hedged item disclosure format (quantitative or qualitative) and the portion of risk hedged (small or large). We find that when disclosure formats are mismatched, the less comparable nature of the two disclosures caused investors to neglect the offsetting relationship when assessing net risks. As a result, risk and investment judgments were influenced by the more prominent quantitative hedging instrument disclosures. Our second experiment finds that the use of a qualitative debiaser that clarifies the relationship between the two disclosures led to the integration of information and mitigated this effect. 相似文献
10.
The paper examines the effect of population ageing on public education spending. On the one hand, ageing is expected to have a negative effect on education, as an increasing number of retirees results in ‘intergenerational conflict’ and, hence, the condemnation of education expenditure. On the other hand, ageing, in combination with pay-as-you-go pension systems, offers incentives for the working-age generation to invest in the public education of the young in order to ‘reap’ the benefits (that is, higher income tax/contributions) of their greater future productivity. Empirical evidence derived from the application of a fixed effects approach to panel data for OECD countries shows that the increasing share of elderly people has a non-linear effect on education spending. This indicates a certain degree of intergenerational conflict. Nevertheless, we find that future population ageing, which reinforces the mechanism linking public education and pensions, reflects positively on education expenditure. Furthermore, by disaggregating total education expenditure by educational levels, we observe that this effect is led by levels of non-compulsory education, probably as a reflection of the direct connection to labor productivity. 相似文献