Judo Strategy: 10 Techniques For Beating A Stronger Opponent

The idea of judo economics, building on analogies with the sport of judo, has been around for at least 20 years. But taking these ideas further to judo strategy means that a framework of strategic principles can be developed to help companies put stronger opponents on the mat.     

The Effect of Earnings–Announcement Timing on Earnings Management

This paper examines whether firms which delay earnings announcements engage in earnings management. The cross–sectional version of the modified Jones 1995 model is used to estimate 'normal' accruals. Prior research has documented that, on average, delayed earnings announcements are associated with negative earnings surprises. Our evidence suggests that the market anticipates unfavorable earnings news when it observes reporting delays. As a consequence, late reporters appear to make the most of a bad situation by employing income–decreasing accruals in big–bath–type earnings management and in contractual renegotiations. We find that the magnitude of income–reducing abnormal accruals is related to the reporting lag.     

Whistle-Blowing for Profit: An Ethical Analysis of the Federal False Claims Act

This paper focuses on the 1986 Amendments to the False Claims Act of 1863, which offers whistle-blowers financial rewards for disclosing fraud committed against the U.S. government. This law provides an opportunity to examine underlying assumptions about the morality of whistle-blowing and to consider the merits of increased reliance on whistle-blowing to protect the public interest. The law seems open to a number of moral objections, most notably that it exerts a morally corrupting influence on whistle-blowers. We answer these objections and argue that the law is not objectionable on these grounds. Since there are no compelling moral objections to the law, it is appropriate and acceptable to judge the law in terms of its economic costs and benefits. We assess the most salient of these and conclude that the benefits outweigh the costs. We suggest that a mechanism similar to the Act should be considered for protecting stockholders’ interests in the private sector. We conclude by making several proposals for improving the existing legislation. The authors' names are listed in alphabetical order. An earlier version of this paper was presented to the Society for Business Ethics August 2004.     

The Distributional Impact of Direct Payments on Irish Farm Incomes

The objective of this paper is to analyse the distributional effects of the different income components of Irish farm income with a Gini comparison method and by disaggregating the overall Gini coefficient of income inequality by income source. Using individual farm data for 1992 and 1996, the impact on farm income distribution of the MacSharry CAP reform is assessed. In addition, the change in the Gini coefficient between these years is decomposed into the changes in the within‐source distribution of each income stream and the share of each income stream. The favourable movement in the Gini coefficient is found to be due to the introduction of direct payments, which target less well‐off farmers. Market income remains the single largest influence on deciding the income ranking of a farm while contributing less to total income than before.     

中国传统图案在纺织品图案设计中的应用

中国传统图案有着悠久的历史和辉煌的成就。它种类繁多,内容丰富,应用广泛,它既代表着我们中华民族悠久的历史,社会的发展进步,也是世界文明艺术宝库中的瑰宝。从那些生机勃勃、淳朴浑厚的传统图案中,我们可以领略到各个时代的工艺水平和中华民族源远流长的文化传统,许多传统图案经久不衰,至今仍被沿用借鉴,体现出我国传统图案的无穷魅力。纺织品图案设计对传统图案的传承、融合与创新是必要的。传承就需要我们对传统图案文化进行深入研究,理解其内在的寓意,不断提高设计者的内在修养,使传统图案文化的寓意在纺织品图案设计中自然地流露。     

论发展中国家复杂产品技术能力发展阶段的划分

在对已有的技术能力发展阶段理论评述的基础上,提出以自主知识产权的产品开发平台作为复杂产品技术能力发展阶段划分的标志,将复杂产品技术能力的发展过程分为"起步-自立追赶-领先"三个阶段,并阐明了这种阶段划分的实践意义。     

路径依赖对公司数字创业的抑制及免疫机制研究

路径依赖是在位企业实现数字创业面临的必然挑战,而对企业如何有效利用内外部资源克服路径依赖,现有研究并未形成明确的观点。基于组织免疫理论,遵循抑制—免疫分析思路,从战略联盟和资源拼凑内外视角探究公司数字创业中克服路径依赖的免疫机制。实证结果表明,路径依赖对公司数字创业具有显著抑制作用;战略联盟与资源拼凑均能够对路径依赖的抑制作用产生免疫效应,但针对路径依赖的3个表现维度,战略联盟与资源拼凑发挥的免疫效应存在显著差异。     

城镇就业市场上劳动力工资扭曲程度测度

本文利用CHIPS2007数据库,基于随机前沿模型对我国城镇就业市场上劳动力的工资扭曲程度进行测度。研究结果表明：（1）在城镇就业市场上,由于工资扭曲现象的存在,劳动力实际获得的工资要比他们的边际生产率低45％～60％;（2）已婚、子女个数较少、本地、拥有失业保险、男性、大中型企业的劳动力工资扭曲程度要低于未婚、子女个数较多、外来、没有失业保险、女性、小型企业的劳动力;（3）中低工资水平的劳动力工资扭曲程度要比高工资水平的劳动力严重,且中低工资水平劳动力工资扭曲程度的方差更大。由此,本文提出推进就业市场的市场化改革,完善就业市场信息网络,从而减轻劳动力工资扭曲程度。