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Emerging markets (EM) are becoming increasingly important for multinational enterprises because of their high growth potential and future prospects. The unique circumstances in EM lead to increased pressure to offer creative marketing solutions that can be leveraged across the multinational network. Setting up subsidiaries to tap into these markets offers companies the opportunity to integrate in the local community and access its knowledge-base for local and global innovations. Literature, however, reveals that EM subsidiaries have been largely ignored concerning their potential for reverse knowledge transfer (RKT), and marketing initiatives are expected to be developed in mature, developed markets. Our paper fills this gap in research and contributes to extant literature by identifying factors at unit, relationship and knowledge levels influencing RKT potential specific to marketing knowledge from EM subsidiaries. The conceptual discussion leads to study propositions and conceptual framework. 相似文献
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This paper examines why and how firms participate in issue networks that aim at solving contemporary complex problems. We build mainly on network and stakeholder literatures to understand mobilization from a relational perspective. Drawing on a single embedded case study of four initiatives to save the Baltic Sea, we build a multilevel model for firm participation in issue networks. Besides discovering diverse motivational factors, the model sheds light on the interaction between individual, organization, and network levels factors explaining mobilization. We argue that there is high theoretical, managerial, and societal relevance for studying the dynamics of issue networks—a topic which could be better incorporated in the research agenda of business network scholars. 相似文献
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This article addresses current environmental issues by taking a network perspective to examine the initiatives to solve them. Previous investigations of network dynamics and mobilization concern the business context, but we broaden the analysis to the societal networks wherein business is embedded. Our aim is to investigate the early emergence of collective action around a common issue. We analyze the network mobilizers, who promote the issue and its solutions, and the mobilization mechanisms that they employ. We have conducted a case study that examines three initiatives to save the Baltic Sea, all involving business, governmental, and civil society actors. This rich case material leads us to formulate a conceptual model of value-based network mobilization. The mobilizing actors, values, and relationship sediments emerge as important factors in creating issue networks. Our key contribution is to show how the environmental issues bring new types of actors to networks and change the rules of the game. We propose that ‘modern environmental networkers’ should become more important in the future, and that business firms need to develop their skills in playing the new games with these new actors. 相似文献
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Tiina Jokinen Chris Brewster Vesa Suutari 《International Journal of Human Resource Management》2013,24(6):979-998
This article explores the career capital of expatriates, differentiating between self-initiated expatriates (SEs) and company assigned expatriates (AEs). Previous research has considered issues such as individual background variables, employer and task variables, motives, compensation, and repatriation. The present study adds new perspectives related to the development of career capital. The article uses a survey of more than 200 Finnish expatriates to explore these concepts in relation to international work experiences; finding considerable similarities and some differences in the development of career capital of those sent on an expatriate assignment by an organization, and those having a self-initiated expatriate experience. 相似文献
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Satu Nätti Saara PekkarinenAuthor VitaeAntti HartikkaAuthor Vitae Tiina HolappaAuthor Vitae 《Industrial Marketing Management》2014
This study aims to enhance the knowledge of the roles played in value co-creation adopted by parties to triadic service business relationships. We approach the research issue through theoretical considerations and explore it empirically with a qualitative case study of triadic service relationships in the property maintenance business. 相似文献
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Tiina Johanna Onkila 《Journal of Business Ethics》2009,87(2):285-298
This article studies argumentation for acceptability of corporate environmental actions in corporate environmental statements,
with emphasis on stakeholder relations and environmental values. Stakeholder theory is commonly taken as the basis for corporate
environmental management, and rhetoric typical of the stakeholder approach dominates the field. Although environmental issues
are strongly charged with values, the dominant stakeholder approach does not stress the value dimension. The data of the study
consists of environmental statements by Finnish forerunning business corporations in the forefront of corporate environmental
responsibility. The results of the study indicate that the statements argue for the acceptability of corporate environmental
actions through three power-related rhetorical forms that are competing ways to produce acceptability in the data: dominance,
subordination and equality, and joint action. Each rhetorical form describes a power-based relationship between stakeholders
and the corporation and leans on a specific value type producing legitimacy for that rhetoric form. 相似文献
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Abstract This article explores the introduction of performance measurement tools in new democracies by presenting a qualitative study based on Estonian governmental documents and performance audits. A set of specific factors help to explain difficulties in introducing performance measurement tools in immature policy environments: instability, poor strategic planning and policy analysis, an implementation gap and uncritical, uninformed transfer of Western performance management initiatives. Although the authors recognize the limits of generalizations based on the Estonian example, the presence of such ‘transitional’ factors is likely to make the development of performance measurement in new democracies even more complicated than in the West. 相似文献