中蒙贸易实证分析

本文分析了中蒙贸易额分别对中国对外贸易总额和蒙古国对外贸易总额的影响。得出中蒙贸易额与两国的对外贸易总额都是正相关关系,只是中蒙贸易额对两国对外贸易额的影响程度不同而已。还分析了中蒙贸易额分别与两国GDP增长的相关关系,得出中蒙贸易额对蒙古国的GDP增长的影响大于对中国的GDP增长的影响,并进一步对其原因进行了分析。对中蒙贸易关系中存在的问题提出了相应的政策建议。     

Toward understanding strategic issue diagnosis

This paper calls attention to a central but neglected process in strategic decision making, i.e. strategic issue diagnosis (SID). A framework for discussing SID is presented in terms of three critical components: inputs, process characteristics and outputs. The framework is illustrated in the context of PIMS and BCG, two widely recognized strategy models. The major implications highlight the theoretical significance of SID for understanding strategic decision making.     

省域尺度下不同时序景观指数集与粒度效应分析

[目的]景观格局变化是景观生态学中的热点问题。研究省域尺度下不同时序景观指数的粒度效应、选取计算景观指数所需的适宜粒度范围并筛选出代表性景观指数集对分析景观格局变化具有重要意义。[方法]以安徽省土地覆被为研究对象,以2000年、2005年、2010年的Landsat TM遥感影像为主要数据源,采用土地利用转移矩阵对安徽省土地覆被的转移数量与方向进行研究;通过设置不同的栅格大小研究景观指数的粒度效应并选取合适的粒度范围;基于相关性分析、因子分析与敏感性分析,筛选出代表性景观指数集。[结果](1) 2000—2010年安徽省的土地覆被始终以耕地为主,其次是林地与人工表面;人工表面的增加是建立在耕地面积减少基础之上的,在10年间共有超过3 200km2的耕地转化为人工表面;(2)景观指数存在粒度效应,粒度变化会对景观指数的计算结果产生影响;省域尺度下计算景观指数所需的合适粒度范围为100～125m;(3)研究安徽省景观格局变化的代表性景观指数有4个,分别为最大斑块指数、景观形状指数、平均斑块面积、香农多样性指数。[结论]计算安徽省景观指数的适宜粒度范围为100～125m,安徽省的代表性景观指数集为最大斑块指数、景观形状指数、平均斑块面积、香农多样性指数,为进一步研究景观格局变化及驱动机制提供了依据。     

The emergence of next generation internet users

The Internet is central to the new media, but the Internet is itself a dynamic technology that is constantly evolving as users adopt and reject new features, devices and applications and use them in ways that are often unanticipated. This article is anchored in longitudinal survey data on how Britons use the Internet, which illuminates the emergence of new patterns of accessing the Internet over multiple devices—some of which are portable—in everyday life and work. We call those who adopt this new approach ‘next generation users’. In contrast, first generation users remain anchored to one or more personal computers in the household or workplace for accessing the Internet. The analysis shows how this emerging pattern of access is reshaping the use and impact of the Internet, such as in supporting the production of user generated content. The analysis also shows how next generation access is socially distributed; creating a new digital divide that reinforces socioeconomic inequalities. Future research needs to move beyond the study of access to the Internet to track the diffusion of next generation access and its implications across a wider array of nations.     

THE PROCESSING OF CRISIS AND NON-CRISIS STRATEGIC ISSUES

This paper asserts that organizations process different types of strategic issues in systematically different ways, proposing that organizational decision-makers expend greater resources, centralize authority and generate a greater volume of causal explanations during the processing of crisis versus non-crisis strategic issues. Data from comparative tracings of several crisis and non-crisis issues in a single organization lend preliminary support to the propositions. By conceptualizing the process of issue resolution both from an instrumental and symbolic perspective, this type of response to crisis issues can be interpreted. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.     

生态移民对牧民生产生活状况的影响研究——对苏尼特右旗生态移民效果的调查

内蒙古生态移民战略的实施,使得生态环境得到一定程度的恢复,收到了良好的效果。本文选择了典型牧业旗之一的锡林郭勒盟苏尼特右旗作为实地调查地点,调查结果显示,在生态移民过程中存在一定的问题和困难,例如：搬迁后,移民畜牧业收益不高、外出务工难,导致收入水平下降;舍饲圈养的生产支出较大,牧民的经济压力大;转移到城镇后,移民生活消费支出增加等。针对以上问题,笔者给出相应的对策建议：可以通过跨地区的劳务输出解决移民就业问题,进而提高移民户的收入;鼓励移民区青少年进城读书,缓解移民就业压力;在移民区发展农村信用社小额信贷,对小额信贷引入新的风险补偿机制;加大人力资本投资力度,提高移民文化层次和谋生能力;建立移民社会保障制度。     

税务会计计量属性及其与财务会计计量属性的比较

文章在借鉴财务会计计量属性的基础上,结合对税法的理解与认识,初步界定出税务会计的计量属性,进而分析税务会计计量属性与财务会计计量属性之异同。在会计理论与实务中,既要重视财务会计计量属性,又应重视税务会计计量属性,而税务会计计量属性散见于税法之中,需要进行归纳、提炼。对税务会计计量属性的研究,既是税务会计理论与实务的需要,又是对会计理论与实务的丰富与拓展。     

ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT AND THE INTERPRETATION OF STRATEGIC ISSUES: A NOTE ON CEOS’ INTERPRETATIONS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT*

This paper explores the relationship between organizational context and the interpretation of strategic issues by examining the hypothesis that CEOs' interpretations of foreign investment in the USA are influenced by the organizational context in which they are embedded. Three aspects of organizational context - the global business experience of the firm; the firm's level of organizational inertia (as represented by firm age and size); and the resources available for responding - are examined as predictors of CEOs' perceptions of foreign investment as a threat or an opportunity. Analysis of data from 320 organizations, controlled by industry, shows that global business experience, firm size, and perceived capability are significant predictors of the perception of threat and opportunity. the discussion addresses the implications of these findings for future research on issue interpretation and organizational context.