Does high‐speed rail connection really promote local economy? Evidence from China’s Yangtze River Delta

High‐speed rail (HSR) has led to a transportation revolution in China. This paper uses the county‐level panel data of China’s Yangtze River Delta to investigate the effect of HSR connection on local economy. To address the issue of endogenous HSR route placement, we use a straight‐line strategy to construct potential HSR connection variables as instrumental variables of the actual HSR connection. Both the difference‐in‐differences and instrumental variable methods show that HSR connection impedes local economy, especially in peripheral regions. The impediment effect is channeled through population reallocation from peripheral to core areas and the restructuring of industries.     

我国城市居民住房分化特征及其影响因素研究——基于天津市微观调查数据

住房分化作为经济利益分化的重要标志,影响着我国住房制度改革。基于《2017年天津市住房与交通调查问卷》数据,构建潜在类别模型及嵌套回归模型,刻画城市住房分化特征并分析其影响因素。结果显示:(1)天津市居民住房分化已形成"三阶四级式"的橄榄型结构;(2)住房分化层次与年龄呈现倒"U"型关系;(3)户籍、单位性质、受教育程度对住房分化层次有显著影响;(4)房地产市场的投机行为对住房层次的提高影响显著。因此,应针对城市内特定人群,进行分层分类的政策扶持、扩大住房保障覆盖范围,逐步将外来人口纳入保障体系、完善房地产税收体系,加强房地产市场预期管理。     

Efficiency and technology gap in China's agriculture: A regional meta-frontier analysis

This paper utilizes a unique county-level dataset to examine technical efficiency and technology gap in China's agriculture. We classify the counties into four regions with distinctive levels of economic development, and hence production technologies. A meta-frontier analysis is used. We find that although the eastern counties have the highest efficiency scores with respect to the regional frontier but the northeastern region leads in terms of agricultural production technology nationwide. Meanwhile, the mean efficiency of the northeastern counties is particularly low, suggesting technology and knowledge diffusion within region might help to improve production efficiency and thus agricultural output.     

Policy Issues of China's Urban Unemployment

This article investigates causes and characteristics of urban layoff and unemployment. Chinese statistics show that the worsening urban unemployment problem is mainly caused by China's institutional changes, sectoral shifts, and cyclical fluctuations. Workers who are middle-aged, less educated, and female have experienced a higher risk of being laid off and unemployed. This article also discusses policy issues of China's urban layoff and unemployment. Supply-side policies include those that expand education, establish job-training programs, limit massive rural–urban migration in the short run, and rationalize labor force participation rate. Demand-side policies aim to create jobs, including policies such as promoting the service industry, attracting foreign investment, and developing the nonstate economy.     

个体感知视角下城市交通拥堵成因及其群体差异研究——以天津市为例

交通拥堵严重影响城市健康发展,从个体感知视角分析其成因,能够为交通精细化治理提供决策依据。基于《2016年天津市交通与住房调查问卷》数据,构建结构方程模型,剖析影响不同群体出行个体感知的因素。结果表明,出行者对交通基础设施不完善造成的拥堵更为敏感,其次是公共交通发展滞后、交通安全意识薄弱及偶发性事件,而移动互联因素会缓解拥堵感受;不同人群关注的拥堵成因与交通需求有关,道路资源分配问题凸显。因此,提出加强交通基础设施精细化管理、优化公共交通客流组织模式、推进交通文明建设、合理配置道路资源等对策,缓解城市交通拥堵。     

Promoting exports: the role of inward FDI in China

Since the late 1970s, exports and inward foreign direct investment (FDI) in China have risen dramatically under the open-door policy. The critical role of FDI in China's exports may be indicated by the fact that exports by foreign affiliates in China in 1998 were US$81 billion, comprising 44% of China's total exports in that year. While there is considerable evidence on the FDI export linkage in China, systematically empirical analyses have been limited. This paper investigates the issue using panel data at the provincial level in the period of 1986–1997. The findings support the widely held belief that increased levels of FDI positively affect provincial manufacturing export performance.     

武汉市"十一五"科技计划体系与战略重点研究

阐明了现代科技发展的趋势,分析了武汉市科技发展的环境条件,在此基础上设计了武汉市科技计划体系,以及确保计划有效实施的战略重点。     

Property Tax in Urban China

This paper examines China＇s urban housing sector and proposes that property, tax reform be undertaken. Specifically, China should significantly reduce taxes on transactions and introduce property taxes during the possession of houses. This will increase housing affordability as a result of lower transaction costs, reduce speculation because of the higher opportunity cost of holding vacant houses, stabilize the fiscal system by generating more sustainable tax revenue, and improve the efficiency and fairness of the property tax system according to the principles of ＂ability-to-pay＂ and ＂user pays＂.     

地铁施工用盾构机选型及施工组织

随着我国城市现代化进程的飞速发展和城市规模的不断扩大,导致城市中心地区人口密集、空间拥挤、交通阻塞,严重制约了经济社会的进一步发展。而城市地铁作为一种重要的交通工具,不仅噪音低、污染少、节约能源,而且占用土地极少,所以备受广大市民青睐。本文主要对地铁施工中盾构机的选型和施工方法进行了重点分析。     

超市选址量化方法探析

本文讨论了选址对超市的意义,介绍了超市选址的传统方法和程序,指出其方法的不足。最后,提出用量化的方法来改进传统选址方法的尝试,称选址的量化方法。本文提出了一个新的学术名词:选址综合指数(LCI),它是表征某一地点作为店址的理想程度的量,选址综合指数越大,表明该地点越理想,反之为越不理想。选址决策者只要对比各待选地点的LCI就可作出选择。文中详细地解释了LCI的算法,最后用“用量化方法分析广州市海珠区三大超市之选址”的实例说明它的运用。