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试论新时期高等学校财务管理改革与机制转换 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着高等教育事业的改革与发展,高校理财的宏观环境发生了较大变化。本文阐述了在经济转型、制度变迁的新时期,高校财务管理如何顺应改革的要求,转换机制不断创新,使高校资源在市场规律调节下得到充分有效的整合,发挥出更大的效益,为高校的科学发展创造良好条件。 相似文献
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Cost-Effective Targeting of Land Retirement to Improve Water Quality with Endogenous Sediment Deposition Coefficients 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Madhu Khanna Wanhong Yang Richard Farnsworth Hayri Önal 《American journal of agricultural economics》2003,85(3):538-553
An integrated framework that combines spatial and biophysical attributes of land with a hydrological model and an economic model is developed to identify cropland for enrollment in the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program. Sediment deposition coefficients are determined endogenously depending on the land-use decisions on other land parcels. Application of this framework to a watershed in Illinois demonstrates that highly sloping land adjacent to water bodies should be selected for retirement. A marginal value rental payment scheme can achieve program goals of 20% sediment abatement at 39% lower cost than a productivity-based rental scheme. 相似文献
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由于未剔除环境因素和随机误差的影响,运用传统数据包络分析(DEA)和随机前沿分析(SFA)对高技术产业创新效率进行研究,容易引起评价结果误差。采用二者相结合的三阶段DEA模型对高技术产业创新效率及其影响因素进行测度与分析,能够保证评价结果的有效性。研究结果显示:规模效率不足是限制我国高技术产业创新效率提升的关键因素;另外,市场开放度能够显著正向促进高技术产业创新效率提升,而政府资助、地区经济发展和地区竞争不利于创新效率提升。最后,对投入要素与技术效率进行聚类分析,将我国内地28个省市划分为4种创新类型,并〖JP〗提出提升高技术产业创新效率的政策建议。 相似文献
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林婉虹 《中国对外贸易(英文版)》2010,(22)
文章立足于现实的中日双边贸易情况,通过对中日经贸关系现状的分析,从贸易量和产品结构两个角度总结了中日双边贸易在现阶段的特点.同时就在近期举行的中日两国高层经济对话中提到的"稀土"问题进行讨论,认为中国有必要对稀土加以管理和控制,同时两国应该在其它方面加强合作. 相似文献
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随着网络技术和信息技术的迅猛发展,高校管理发生了一场深刻的变革,作为高校管理重要组成部分的财务管理也毫不例外地受到前所未有的影响,传统的财务管理理论与实务已不能适应现代管理的要求。网络技术对高校会计电算化提出了更新更高的要求,同时也为网络财务管理的实现提供了条件。因此,逐步构建网络财务管理系统是高校财务管理发展的必然趋势。 相似文献
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Is Geographical Targeting Cost-Effective? The Case of the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program in Illinois 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Wanhong Yang Madhu Khanna Richard Farnsworth Hayri Önal 《Review of Agricultural Economics》2005,27(1):70-88
This paper uses economic, hydrologic, and GIS modeling to assess the effectiveness of the Illinois Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program in the Lower Sangamon watershed. Our results show that for a representative five-year storm event, the acres currently enrolled in the program result in a 12% reduction in sediment loading, which is below the program goal of 20% and four times the least-cost solution. We also analyze the design of alternative rental payment instruments for improving the cost-effectiveness of geographical targeting for land retirement. Policy implications for the characteristics of the land parcels that should be targeted for enrollment in the program are discussed. 相似文献
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This paper develops an integrated economic, hydrologic and GIS modeling framework to examine the cost-effective targeting of land retirement for establishing riparian buffers in agricultural watersheds. Previous studies have examined the efficiency of targeting large land parcels for retirement or targeting management practices such as conservation tillage but have not considered narrow variable buffer strips. An empirical application of the framework in the Canagagigue Creek watershed in Ontario shows that average and marginal costs of sediment abatement increase at an increasing rate as the environmental goal becomes more stringent. The locations of the buffer strips vary across the watershed and are not necessarily located on those sites with greatest slope or those adjacent to visible streams. Cost effectiveness is further increased if the targeting is extended to allow for the width of the buffer strip to vary by location rather than assume a uniform width. The modeling results have important policy implications for the design of conservation stewardship programs such as setting appropriate environmental health goals based on marginal abatement costs relative to marginal benefits, and setting physical characteristics of the riparian buffers for selection along the drainage network in targeted sub-catchments. 相似文献