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1.
Gender Analysis of Land: Beyond Land Rights for Women? 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Cecile Jackson 《Journal of Agrarian Change》2003,3(4):453-480
2.
Cecile Renouard 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,98(1):85-97
This article explores the possible convergence between the capabilities approach and utilitarianism to specify CSR. It defends
the idea that this key issue is related to the anthropological perspective that underpins both theories and demonstrates that
a relational conception of individual freedoms and rights present in both traditions gives adequate criteria for CSR toward
the company’s stakeholders. I therefore defend “relational capability” as a means of providing a common paradigm, a shared
vision of a core component of human development. This could further lead to a set of indicators aimed at assessing corporate
social performance as the maximization of the relational capability of people impacted by the activities of companies. In
particular, I suggest a way of evaluating the contribution of extractive companies to the communities close to their industrial
sites in extremely poor areas, not from the viewpoint of material resources and growth, but from the viewpoint of the quality
of the social environment and empowerment. 相似文献
3.
Recent research, on the computerization of marketing has emphasized the advantages, adoption, and diffusion of microcomputers,
largely as compared to mainframe computers. This note compares microcomputer and mainframe usage in marketing research over
several activities and suggests that microcomputers have not replaced mainframes to the extent implied by previous articles.
In a study of marketing research firms, high microcomputer ownership and increased usage is revealed, not only for word-processing
types of activities, but also for data analysis. While a smaller proportion of research firms use mainframes, larger firms
are continuing and predominantly increasing their use of mainframes. Further, relatively high rates of mainframe usage are
reported for data analysis, data collection, and data base management by firms with access to both types of computers. 相似文献
4.
The Impact of Regulation on Cost Efficiency: An Empirical Analysis of Wisconsin Water Utilities 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
The impact of regulation of efforts to minimize costs has been widely discussed, but remains difficult to measure. The sophisticated regulation of water utilities in Wisconsin allows us to attempt such on assessment since different firms can be under different regulatory regimes (price cap or rate-of-return) in the same geographical area at the same time. To measure the impact of regulation on efficiency, we use a stochastic cost frontier approach defining the unobservable efficiency of a water utility as a function of exogeneous variables. Using a panel of 211 water utilities observed from 1998 to 2000, we show that their efficiency scores can be partly explained by the regulatory framework. 相似文献
5.
Asia is the world’s foremost capture fishery and aquaculture producer. It is also home to the majority of the world’s fishers and marine fleet (decked and undecked). Consequently, there is every reason to expect that this importance is reflected in national development discourses. This article identifies the socio-economic importance of fisheries in the region in terms of its contribution to primary exports, domestic protein consumption, employment and poverty alleviation. We then analyse national development and poverty reduction strategy documents using a content analysis methodology previously applied to measure the extent to which environmental or forestry issues had been mainstreamed into national policy documents. This enables us to identify those countries that have currently integrated fisheries into the national development discourse – and those that have not. We conclude by proposing two strategies to enable the more effective integration of fisheries into the development agenda. 相似文献
6.
Students studying principles-based IFRS require a thorough knowledge and understanding of the IASB's Conceptual Framework (Framework). Reading comprehension of the Framework enables students to access and decode its content. This allows the development of the ability to analyze, critique, evaluate and synthesize the content. The objective of this study was to evaluate students' reading comprehension of the Framework using the Cloze procedure. Researchers have questioned whether there should be different assessments of reading comprehension for different demographic groups. This paper explores differences in the reading comprehension of a diverse cohort of South African financial reporting students. Many students demonstrated reading comprehension at the Independent or Instructional Level. Further analysis revealed statistically significant differences between reading comprehension by language of instruction and the attendance, or not, of prior reading courses. While this study considers South African students, the results may be of interest to instructors in other multiracial or multilingual environments. 相似文献
7.
Andy Thorpe Chris Reid Raymon Van Anrooy Cecile Brugere 《Revue africaine de developpement》2004,16(2):328-362
Abstract: The formulation of Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) is one of the main conditions for concessional lending by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank to developing countries. Nevertheless, while evidence indicates that the fisheries sector can contribute (often markedly at the local level) to improved livelihoods and the achievement of food security in Africa, the sector is often neglected in PRSPs. This article focuses on the 29 African states that have currently produced a PRSP, highlighting those nations for whom the fisheries sector has been a significant motor of economic growth or likely poverty refuge. It then analyses the extent to which the fisheries sector is incorporated into national PRSPs. Results of a mapping exercise demonstrate that while the sector is significant (in either growth or poverty terms) in 12 states, the sector was effectively mainstreamed in only three national PRSPs (Ghana, Guinea and Senegal). 相似文献
8.
Existing criteria for, and methods of, evaluation discriminate against owners of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) who do not have adequate securities and collateral available. These criteria and methods do not identify potentially successful owners of SMEs, only potentially successful enterprises. Financing criteria have to be adapted to empower potentially successful SMEs and to ensure economic development. The aim of the study is to develop relevant criteria for the financing of SMEs. The success factors of SMEs, as well as the criteria used by financiers of SMEs, were examined. This made it possible to determine what contributes to the success of SMEs and how these enterprises are being evaluated by financial institutions. Research articles were used for a literature review of the success factors identified. The results were used to formulate additional and alternative recommendations for criteria that can be used by financial institutions for evaluating financial applications. 相似文献
9.
Cecile Wendling 《Journal of Risk Research》2013,16(5):477-493
When it comes to risks – health and environmental risks, like those linked to the use of nanotechnologies, pesticides, etc. – three main groups of actors are easily identified, brought together through boundary organisations such as environmental and sanitary risk agencies: the natural and technical scientists, who provide their expertise to assess risks (especially toxicologists, epidemiologists and microbiologists); the policy makers, who take decisions regarding risk management and risk regulation; the lay public, who are more and more involved in participatory frameworks. Sometimes three other groups of actors are added: the ‘economists’ who can for instance conduct cost–benefit assessments or multi-criteria analyses (especially ecological economists, public economists, political economists and social economists); the ‘philosophers’/‘ethicists’ who can use ethics to highlight moral choices and responsibilities in face of risks; and the ‘jurists’/‘legal experts’ who can justify authorisation or interdiction according to law. Inversely, there is a group of actors which is not clearly identified, that of social scientists, even though a considerable quantity of social science knowledge on risk has been produced. Why is there such a discrepancy? This article, based on a critical review of the literature, aims to make sense of the fuzziness surrounding the involvement of social scientists when it comes to risk expertise. The article shows that one reason for this puzzling situation is to be found in the gap between what social scientists often want to do when they are called in as risk experts and what natural scientists and public policy makers actually expect from them. 相似文献
10.
Cecile Wetzels 《Economic Bulletin》2004,41(12):417-422