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The effects of group problem-solving method and problem-situation complexity on attempts at implementing group solutions were investigated in a laboratory-field setting. Group members were supervisory nurses from various organizations, who were randomly assigned to three groups in a balanced research design which included three group decision-making processes and three levels of problem-situation complexity in implementation. The dependent variable was the number of attempts at implementing group-derived solutions in home organizations. The results showed that structure in group decision-making processes led to increased rates of implementation attempts at all levels of problem-situation complexity. There was a significant complexity-by-process interaction effect among the decision-making processes, which supports the conclusion that the type of group decision-making process and the problem-situation complexity should be considered in order to optimize the number of implementation attempts.g 相似文献
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G. Winckler R. Freund M. Neumann P. Dobias R. Windisch H. G. Ruppe A. Graziani C. H. Altmann H. O. Lenel R. Dittrich 《Journal of Economics》1972,32(4):513-537
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
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Population aging is believed to be a major factor behind the rise of health care cost worldwide. However, an increasing body of evidence in the literature on the subject of population aging and its influence on health care cost suggests that demographic changes play a relatively minor role in driving up the health care bill. Firstly, we review some available evidence. Secondly, we analyze the situation in the Czech Republic using financial and health care utilization data and demographic projections. Thirdly, we point out the main areas of health care responsible for the health care expenditures growth in the Czech Republic. 相似文献
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Whelan Garvan Hanly Paul O’Connell Vincent Dittrich Oldřich Ludwig Abu Ghazalah Naser 《International Advances in Economic Research》2021,27(1):17-27
International Advances in Economic Research - Based on transaction-cost and resource-based theories (and other approaches), there is an extensive literature on the range of factors that are viewed... 相似文献
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Opposing theories and conflicting empirical results with regard to the effect of development time on new product sales suggest
the need for a contingency analysis into factors affecting this relationship. This study uses a unique combination of accounting
and perceptual data from 129 product development projects to test the combined contingency effect of product innovativeness
and new product price on the relationship between development time and new product sales. The results show that for radically
new products with short development times, price has no effect on new product sales. When the development time is long, price
has a negative effect on the sales of radical new products. The findings additionally show that price has no effect on sales
for incremental new products with short development times and a negative effect for incremental new products with long development
times. Together, these findings shed new light on the relationship between development time and new product sales. 相似文献
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This paper reports the results from a large online experiment in which we examine gender differences in time preferences. Subjects choose in different situations between receiving an immediate payment and receiving a different sum later. We find that more men than women are impatient and choose to receive the immediate payment, at least if the implicit interest rate of the “late” option is neither too high nor too low. 相似文献
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Marcus Dittrich 《Applied economics》2013,45(36):3825-3838
This article examines gender differences in an experimental trust game. Recent studies have shown that men trust more and that women are more reciprocal in laboratory experiments. Participants in these studies, however, are typically university students who may not be representative of the entire population. In this study, we use data from a large-scale experiment with heterogeneous subjects who are representative of the German population. We find that men exhibit not only more trusting behaviour, but also more reciprocating behaviour than women. Moreover, our results are indicative of age-dependent gender differences. For men, we find an inverse U-shaped relationship between age, on the one hand, and both trust and reciprocity, on the other; however, we do not find age effects for women. 相似文献
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Ludwig O. Dittrich 《International Advances in Economic Research》2011,17(4):413-420
In this paper, the data from a socio—economic survey carried out in South Bohemia (a region of the Czech Republic) in the
years 2003 and 2004 are used to estimate two models. The first model considers the health status of the individual to be an
investment commodity, which enhances the productivity and the earning potential of the individual and thus his/her living
standard. The second model considers the influence of health status of the individual on his/her life satisfaction and treats
the health of the individual as a consumption commodity entering the individual preference function directly. In both models,
the health status of the individual is significant in influencing dependent variables, living standard and life satisfaction
respectively. 相似文献
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Nutrient Prices and Other Socio-Economic and Health Determinants of the Body Mass Index of Canadians
J. Stephen Clark O. Ludwig Dittrich Stephen M. Law Qin Xu 《International Advances in Economic Research》2014,20(3):249-258
We examine the effect of nutrient prices and other socio-economic and health factors on the Body Mass Index (BMI) of Canadians using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). The CCHS data does not include information on nutrition intake, and so the price of fat, carbohydrates and protein are included to capture the effects of diet on BMI. The results indicate that changes in nutrient prices in the model have statistically significant impacts on BMI and the direction of the impacts corresponds to hypotheses from the nutrition literature. However, all estimates are inelastic so that the effect of fat taxes or thin subsidies is small. The results also indicate that education is negatively related and income is positively related to BMI. 相似文献