The political economy of the United States policy in Southern Africa

Conclusion Former Secretary of State Kissinger’s policies towards and maneuvers in southern Africa must be examined within the context of America’s global strategy and imperialist objectives. As in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America, the United States aims at giving South Africa sufficient support so that she can play a policing role in southern Africa, if not in sub-Sahara Africa as a whole. This is what the Nixon-Kissinger Doctrine called for. It argued that the Western countries must now establish a decentralized, global system of defense. This article was originally published inRBPE, Spring 1977 (vol. 7, no. 3).     

Nationalization of the Zambian mining industry

Conclusion Though Zambia’s wealth has not yet been fully exploited, her efforts to expand have depended largely on negotiation of foreign loans. In 1970, loans amounted to k27 million and credit facilities had been negotiated against overseas equipment purchases and cost amounting to k35 million and overseas acceptance credit facilities amounted to kl8 million. Even in October 1973, when Kaunda announced the payment of ￡90 million it owed on the ZIMCA bonds issued at the time of Zambian nationalization in 1969, it was paid with the proceeds of a ￡60 million Eurodollar loan.