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1.
MC Lyne 《Development Southern Africa》1994,11(4):527-539
New Zealand replaced customary tenure of Maori land with titles. Some issues are relevant to South Africa. Massive redistribution of Maori land is accounted for by inadequate property rights conferred fay colonial legislation. Institutions emerged to deal with problems of landlessness and low farm incomes created by titling, among which private incorporations and trusts were particularly successful Such institutions may under certain conditions be useful to smallholders in the former homelands and to groups of farmers who acquire freehold land in South Africa. 相似文献
2.
This paper explores the sensitivity of the size distribution of family income in Canada to alternative definitions of income. These alternative definitions examine both wealth generally in the form of an annuity equivalent, and home ownership in the form of imputed rent. An adjustment for family size differences is also made. The impact of these adjustments is assessed for average incomes, inequality, and the incidence of low income for different age groups. The adjustments do have significant effects that vary by age; in particular, the economic position of the elderly seems understated by the usual data. Also, methodological considerations, such as the direct use of micro data and the choice of inequality indicator are shown to be significant. 相似文献
3.
Dirk J. Wolfson 《De Economist》1979,127(3):446-458
Summary The book under review combines a brief survey of the state of the art in income distribution theory, based primarily on the
earlier contributions of the authors, with a wealth of information on the reduction (by about 50 percent) of income inequality
in the Netherlands over the last 40 years. Furthermore, progress is charted towards a further reduction of inequality between
now and 1990. This review argues that labour income is not just determined by (the demand for) technology and (the supply
of) education, but also by the bias towards the demand for skilled labour that seems to result from the expansion of public
expenditure. It is recommended that this expenditure incidence on the primary distribution of income be further explored in
future research programmes, as it is likely to slow down further progress towards equality. 相似文献
4.
This study examines the effect of changes in the US minimum wage on wages and employment in 32 industries selected for their presumed sensitivity to the minimum wage. Applying time series techniques commonly used in macroeconomics and finance to changes in the minimum wage occurring from 1967 and 1991, we initially test for a wage response; only where one is found do we test for an employment response. Twenty-five per cent of the industry/minimum-wage-increase pairs show evidence of an appropriate wage response. Eight of these 54 show a statistically significant negative employment response, while six show significant, positive employment responses. Positive effects may be due to either a high variance distribution centred on zero or markets with 'lemons' problems concerning worker quality. Limiting analysis to industries in which the minimum wage binds provides no evidence of a consistent negative relationship between the historical minimum wage and employment. 相似文献
5.
6.
H. -A. Wagener Lex Hoogduin Harry Garretsen H. Visser P. L. C. Hilbers F. M. Tempelaar Charles van Marrewijk Georg Tillmann Fredderick van der Ploeg R. P. Zuidema A. R. Thurik A. Heertje Rainer Fremdling F. Hartog Dirk J. Wolfson C. G. M. Sterks Huib van de Stadt A. Szirmai D. P. Keizer 《De Economist》1990,138(2):197-232
7.
Kimball (1991) showed that consumers who face an unavoidablerisk will display 'temperance', meaning that they will increasetheir holdings of safe assets. In principle, temperance couldprovide an explanation for the stockholding puzzle, which isthe microeconomic manifestation of the equity premium puzzle.Previous work has shown that the temperance effect induced bylabor income uncertainty is too small to explain the stockholdingpuzzle. This paper finds that committed expenditure risk associatedwith homeownership induces enough additional temperance to explainthe puzzle. 相似文献
8.
9.
P. Hennipman J. A. Kregel H. Visser H. W. G. M. Peer P. C. Allaart A. Heertje P. K. Keizer Rolf Schöndorff H. W. de Jong A. J. W. van de Gevel H. Jager H. van der Weel S. Deroose D. J. Wolfson Peter Nijkamp Anne van der Veen J. Tinbergen Michael Ellman A. L. Hempenius 《De Economist》1984,132(4):503-533
10.
Drs. D. J. Wolfson 《De Economist》1964,112(10):649-691
Gaarne betuigt.schrijver zijn dank aan Prof. Dr. P. Hennipman, Prof. Dr. C. Goedhart en Drs. E. van Thijn voor hun aanmoediging en critisch commentaar, uiteraard zonder hen in zijn verantwoordelijkheid voor het geschrevene te willen laten delen. 相似文献