Resilience Assessment of Water Resources System

The resilience perspective, which emphasizes the integrated, systemic concept of human and nature interactions, is increasingly used as an approach for understanding the dynamic of social-ecological system. As the water resources system (WRS) is a social-ecological system, resilience thinking such as Holling??s adaptive cycle has been adopted as a fundamental unit for understanding the water resources system dynamics in this paper. In the adaptive cycle of WRS, the likelihood shift among different phases largely depends on resilience value; and a quantitative method for estimating the resilience of WRS is proposed. The method is related to the degree of change and characteristics of the WRS, and has been applied to identify the phase of WRS in every city in Zhejiang province, China. The results of resilience assessment have also been discussed in terms of adaptive cycle.     

The Role of Public Infrastructure in China's Regional Inequality and Growth: A Simultaneous Equations Approach

Using a simultaneous equations approach, this paper empirically investigates the impact of two types of public infrastructure, transportation infrastructure and knowledge infrastructure, on industrial geography, regional income disparities, and growth across 286 cities in China. It is found that an improvement in transportation infrastructure that reduces trade costs on goods increases growth and decreases income gap at the expense of increasing industrial agglomeration between cities. Therefore, this paper confirms the existence of a trade‐off between spatial equity (more even spatial distribution of economic activities) and spatial efficiency (higher growth rate). However, for knowledge infrastructure that reduces trade costs on ideas, it is found that it increases growth but also decreases income gap and industrial agglomeration simultaneously. Moreover, the impact of knowledge infrastructure is found to be larger in the case of high labor mobility.     

城市基础设施水平如何影响居民工资收入:溢价还是折价

已有文献多从宏观视角上考察基础设施的经济增长效应,文章则从微观视角出发,探讨城市基础设施影响居民收入的微观机制并对其进行实证检验。文章将“中国家庭收入调查（CHIP）”数据与城市特征数据相结合,将城市土地出让收入变动作为城市基础设施的工具变量,通过2SLS方法估计了基础设施水平对居民工资收入的影响。结果表明：基础设施水平对城市居民工资收入具有溢价作用。城市居民名义工资在基础设施水平高的城市更高。基础设施水平对工资收入的溢价作用受居民教育异质性的影响,居民教育水平越高,基础设施水平的溢价作用越大。