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Motivated by the empirical evidence on endogenous labor effort and wage differentials, this paper explores implications for distribution and growth of firms using different strategies to elicit effort from workers. The frequency distribution of effort‐elicitation strategies across firms is governed by a replicator dynamic that generates wage differential as a long‐run equilibrium. Although firms willing to elicit more effort have to compensate workers with a higher wage rate, a larger proportion of firms adopting such strategy will not necessarily produce a higher wage share and thereby a higher growth rate. The intuition is that, depending on the accompanying rise in labor productivity, the wage share may not vary positively with the proportion of firms paying higher wages. 相似文献
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针对中国研究文献中认为中国具有某种本体或历史基体的惯常假设,同时包括中文和英文文献,但尤其重视日本文献,作者对中国历史基体的论述进行了分析,并将沟口雄三具体提出的中国历史基体的主张作为反省的对象,旨在分析他提出历史基体论的动机,即要摆脱因为日本自身历史脉络对日本学者认识中国所造成的限制。作者以韩国学者研究朝贡关系为案例,对历史基体论这一学术议题提出了质疑,并佐以越南的两位中国学专家的观点进行了比较,认为对基体论进行检视有助于中国研究取得知识启示。 相似文献
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This paper develops a post-Keynesian dynamic model of capacityutilisation and growth, in which the supply of credit-moneyis endogenous and firms' debt position—and thus the financialfragility of the economy à la Hyman Minsky—is explicitlymodelled. The interest rate is set by banks as a markup overa base rate exogenously determined by the monetary authority.The banking markup varies with changes in capacity utilisation,while the debt ratio varies with changes in the rates of interest,capital accumulation and growth. Regarding dynamics, it is shownthe possibility of relating the stability properties of a systemwith the interest rate and the debt ratio as state variablesto the prevailing Minskyan regime—hedge, speculative orPonzi. 相似文献
6.
In this article we offer direct evidence on the role of perceived quality differences in publicly provided health care services,
in determining the incentive to opt out for private services and, for poor individuals, short-run credit constraints in the
access to these services. We concentrate on private specialist care, a category of services for which disparities in the access
are highest. We use Bank of Italy—SHIW data to first study the determinants of demand for private and public specialist care,
estimating probit and bivariate probit models, and ZIP models. We then apply the Carneiro–Heckman procedure to identify the
share of people constrained and study how perceived quality of public services affects the percentage of people short run
constrained. Our estimates suggest the presence of large territorial differences, as for the role of income and the quality
of public services. 相似文献
7.
Guerino Ardizzi Carmelo Petraglia Massimiliano Piacenza Gilberto Turati 《Review of Income and Wealth》2014,60(4):747-772
We contribute to the debate on how to assess the size of the underground (or shadow) economy by proposing a reinterpretation of the traditional Currency Demand Approach (CDA) à la Tanzi. In particular, we introduce three main innovations. First, we take a direct measure of the value of cash transactions—the flow of cash withdrawn from bank accounts relative to total non‐cash payments—as the dependent variable in the money demand equation. This allows us to avoid unrealistic assumptions on the velocity of money and the absence of any irregular transaction in a given year, overcoming two severe critiques to the traditional CDA. Second, in place of the tax burden level, usually intended as the main motivation for non‐compliance, we include among the covariates two direct indicators of detected tax evasion. Finally, we control also for the role of illegal production considering crimes like drug dealing and prostitution, which—jointly with the shadow economy—contributes to the larger aggregate of the non‐observed economy and represents a significant component of total cash payments. We propose then an application of this “modified CDA” to a panel of 91 Italian provinces for the years 2005–08. 相似文献
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本文提出一种同时采用正反馈和负反馈以提高音频放大器性能的新方法。文中给出了非线性失真减少因子的计算公式并田此导出了最优化条件。 相似文献
9.
Gilberto Castellani 《Decisions in Economics and Finance》1988,11(1-2):11-25
Viene reimpostato lo schema di valutazione delle opzioni considerando il tasso d'interesse come variabile di base del mercato e studiando il problema di valutazione del prezzo in un modello stocastico di equilibrio per la struttura a termine dei tassi d'interesse. Sono ricavate limitazioni per la funzione valore delle opzioni ed estesi al comparto obbligazionario risultati classici della teoria dell'option pricing, utilizzando proprietà di martingala vengono proposte soluzioni in forma integrale dell'equazione generale di valutazione del prezzo. 相似文献
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