A model of the used car market with lemons and leasing

This article extends Kim's (1985 Kim, J-C. 1985. The market for lemons reconsidered: a model of the used car market with asymmetric information. American Economic Review, 75: 836–43.  [Google Scholar]) model of the used car market with asymmetric information to examine the possible impacts of leasing and Certified Pre-Owned (CPO) programs on the average quality of traded used cars in the market. The author assumed that a consumer can buy or lease a new car, or he/she can buy a used or a CPO car. While, like Kim (1985 Kim, J-C. 1985. The market for lemons reconsidered: a model of the used car market with asymmetric information. American Economic Review, 75: 836–43.  [Google Scholar]), the author assumed that the quality of a car depends on the maintenance level, the maintenance level in this model is chosen when a car is still a ‘new’ car, i.e. after the warranty ends. The model implied that the average quality of traded used cars can be either higher or lower than the average quality of nontraded used cars. The study also found that leasing and CPO have substantially improved the information mechanism between buyers and sellers of used cars, which, in turn, has helped reduce adverse selection and improved the average quality of traded used cars in the market.     

中国的居民收入：被忽略的低消费之解析

近年来中国政府一直在强调促进消费、平衡经济增长。尽管中国经济飞速增长，但消费在总支出中的占比很低、且不断下降，对此普遍的解释是：由于上世纪90年代中期以来，养老、医疗和教育支出的不确定性增加导致了中国居高不下的居民储蓄率。本文发现，储蓄率的增加只是消费占比下降的次要原因，重要的原因是国民收入中的居民收入占比持续下降，包括工资、投资收益和政府转移支付在内全面减少。金融业的不发达又限制了企业从银行获得营运资金贷款，这是造成工资和投资收益不断下降的主要原因。     

Antecedents of consumer attitudes toward mobile marketing: A comparative study of youth markets in the United States and China

The purpose of this study is to examine factors influencing consumers' attitudes toward mobile marketing across two major markets—the United States and China. Drawing upon the technology acceptance model (TAM), the theory of reasoned action (TRA), and the perceived characteristics of innovations theory (PCI), we develop and test a conceptual model examining the joint influences of TAM constructs (perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness) and individual characteristics (personal attachment, innovativeness, risk avoidance, and privacy concern) and on consumer attitudes toward mobile marketing practices. Focusing on youth consumers, we empirically test the model using data collected in an established (United States) and an emerging market (China). Findings across these two markets reflect cross‐market similarities and differences related to consumers' attitudes toward mobile marketing. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.