Institutional dynamics and access to non-farm employment in rural China, 1950–1996

This article examines non-farm employment in the context of Chinese rural institutional change, based on evidence from discrete-time logistic models for event history analysis using the Life History and Social Change survey. We find the transition to non-farm sector rose rapidly during the Great Leap Forward and market reform, while the Cultural Revolution saw it reach the lowest ebb. While male advantage prevailed exclusively during the Cultural Revolution and early marketization, education possessed a stable positive effect in all historical periods. Although the returns to different kinds of political capital vary along with institutional dynamics, intergenerational reproduction was greatly reduced after the Cultural Revolution.     

中医药文化融入高等中医药院校意识形态工作探究

当前抓紧加强和改进高校意识形态工作具有极端重要性和现实紧迫性.中医药文化之意蕴与高校意识形态教育目标、内容价值相通,更与高校意识形态工作理念、方法内在相契.通过将中医药文化有机融入意识形态工作,进一步加强宣传阵地、实践阵地建设,协同发力,有助于实现高等中医药院校意识形态工作创新发展.     

Country Portfolio and Taxation: Evidence from Japan

Journal of Business Ethics - This study investigates the conditions under which host country portfolios are more likely to regularize corporate tax behavior. We use a sample comprising data on...     

EMPIRICAL PERFORMANCE OF GARCH MODELS WITH HEAVY‐TAILED INNOVATIONS

We introduce a new type of heavy‐tailed distribution, the normal reciprocal inverse Gaussian distribution (NRIG), to the GARCH and Glosten‐Jagannathan‐Runkle (1993) GARCH models, and compare its empirical performance with two other popular types of heavy‐tailed distribution, the Student's t distribution and the normal inverse Gaussian distribution (NIG), using a variety of asset return series. Our results illustrate that there is no overwhelmingly dominant distribution in fitting the data under the GARCH framework, although the NRIG distribution performs slightly better than the other two types of distribution. For market indexes series, it is important to introduce both GJR‐terms and the NRIG distribution to improve the models’ performance, but it is ambiguous for individual stock prices series. Our results also show the GJR‐GARCH NRIG model has practical advantages in quantitative risk management. Finally, the convergence of numerical solutions in maximum‐likelihood estimation of GARCH and GJR‐GARCH models with the three types of heavy‐tailed distribution is investigated.     

Mandatory IFRS adoption and management forecasts: The impact of enforcement changes

We examine how concurrent enforcement changes affect the positive relationship between mandatory IFRS adoption and firms’ voluntary disclosure. We show that the increase in the issuance of management forecasts after IFRS adoption is smaller for firms from IFRS-mandating countries with concurrent enforcement changes than for those from countries without such changes. We find no difference in the increase of forecast informativeness between firms from IFRS-mandating countries without concurrent enforcement changes and firms from non-IFRS-mandating countries; however, firms domiciled in IFRS-mandating countries with concurrent enforcement changes exhibit a significantly smaller increase in forecast informativeness. Our findings suggest that better IFRS enforcement distinctly weakens (strengthens) the positive effect of IFRS adoption on voluntary (mandatory) disclosure.     

服务营销:3G时代企业致胜的法宝

随着3G时代的到来,电信企业之间的竞争将更加激烈.电信企业要想在激烈的竞争环境中立足,拥有自己的市场,必须以服务营销为战略研究重点,建立以用户为中心的服务营销体制,建立包括企业利润、企业的成长性,用户忠诚、用户满意、提供给用户的产品与服务的价值,员工能力、满意、忠诚及效率在内的电信服务利润链.     

正视现状调整策略发展东盟贸易

中国—东盟贸易自由区将是“全球第三大市场”。随着双边贸易谈判进行，东盟贸易对中国经济影响越来越大。同时，东盟贸易也给中国企业带来无限商机。为此，我们应该积极进行应对，调整我们的策略，尽量在东盟贸易中赢得市场。     

"涉外"成功不等于"外交"成功--李鸿章早期涉外、外交活动刍议

1862年到上海参与针对太平军、小刀会的“协防”,可说是李鸿章脱离曾国藩、真正“自立门户”的开始,李鸿章以后的“宏伟事业”实皆由此奠基。正是在上海“协防”期间,李鸿章开始其涉外活动,与各种“洋人”打交道,渐渐成为“洋务”重臣,最后主导全国外交。本文拟对李氏早期涉外和初登全国性外交舞台的成败得失作详细分析,说明“涉外”的成功,并不能保证“外交”的成功。一、涉外活动太平天国起义后,清朝的“国家军队”绿营腐朽不堪,简直不堪一击。相反,倒是曾国藩办的团练、组建的湘军这种“民间武装”,在镇压太平天国的战斗中屡建奇功。1861…     

金属包装设计对购物决策的影响

在零售业高速发展的今天，各种各样的消费品挤满了商店、超市的货架，形形色色的产品包装让人目不暇接，如何使自己的产品在众多产品之中脱颖而出，仅仅吸引住消费者的目光是不够的，更主要的还是看产品的包装能否促成消费者的购买行为，这已经成为当今包装设计的主导思想。[编者按]     

善用信用卡

随着信用卡产业的蓬勃发展，信用卡已经成为人们在日常生活中不可或缺的支付和信用工具，但事实上信用卡更适合作为一种理财工具使用——一个具有诸多附加值服务的理财工具。但对于客户而言，如何才能运用信用卡的理财功能，发挥其最大的作用，“善用”很关键。