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1.
An important debate in the contemporary accounting literature relates to the relative merits of activity-based versus volume-based product costing methodologies. Traditional volume-based costing systems are said to be flawed and may seriously mislead strategic decision making. Such arguments assume that decision makers use such information in an unproblematic way. This article reports on an experiment designed to investigate whether decision makers are able to overcome data fixation in a setting involving the use of product cost information. In response to criticisms of previous accounting studies of data fixation, subjects received some feedback after each decision, and were rewarded based on performance. The experiment involved subjects making a series of production output decisions based on detailed case information of a hypothetical firm facing different market conditions for each decision. A between-subjects design was utilized with two cost system treatments: activity-based costing (ABC) and traditional costing (TC). It was hypothesized that the group provided with ABC cost data would make 'optimal' decisions and the group provided with TC cost data would overcome fixation. The results of the experiment indicated that there was, in general, evidence of data fixation among TC subjects, but a small number of subjects did adjust to ABC costs. These results are discussed in the light of previous research and some future directions are outlined. 相似文献
2.
Rates of Return to Schooling in China 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
This study uses data from a 1988 survey of Chinese individuals to estimate rates of return to schooling in China. The Mincer-type rate of return to schooling was estimated at 4.02 percent in the rural areas and 3.29 percent in the urban areas; these are fairly low estimates compared with similar estimates in other countries. The rate of return to schooling for females was significantly higher than that for males in urban areas. In addition, members of the Communist Party in urban areas had significantly lower returns to schooling compared with non-members. 相似文献
3.
Chief Executives from New Zealand's largest companies were surveyed to distinguish divesting and nondivesting companies, and to identify the relative importance of the factors and motives which led to the divestment of 208 business units in the period 1985 through 1990. The divesting companies were considerably larger and faster growing than nondivestors. The typical divestment was motivated by the need to convert unattractive assets into liquid form which could then be held to strengthen the balance sheet, or reinvested in either the core business or new areas. 相似文献
4.
5.
This paper begins with a statistical formulation of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) and discusses the major econometric problems raised in the literature in testing this hypothesis using panel data. A simple t‐test is then presented that avoids these econometric problems. The result from applying the t‐test confirms conclusively the EKC for CO2 as formulated. 相似文献
6.
Jennifer Cai Yuexi Wang Onur Baser Lin Xie Wing Chow 《Journal of medical economics》2016,19(12):1175-1186
Objectives: Non-adherence and non-persistence to anti-hyperglycemic agents are associated with worse clinical and economic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study evaluated treatment persistence and adherence across newer anti-hyperglycemic agents (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, sitagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, liraglutide, or exenatide).Methods: This retrospective cohort study of Truven Health Analytics Marketscan databases included adult patients with type 2 diabetes whose first pharmacy claim for a newer anti-hyperglycemic agent was between February 1, 2014 and July 31, 2014. Treatment persistence and adherence were assessed for 12 months after the first claim (post-index). Persistence was defined as no gap ≥90 days between the end of one pharmacy claim and the start of the next pharmacy claim post-index. Adherence used two definitions: proportion of days covered (PDC) and medication possession ratio (MPR). Multivariable analyses of non-persistence (hazard ratios) and adherence (odds ratios) were adjusted for baseline demographics, drug cost, clinical characteristics, and other anti-hyperglycemic agents.Results: A total of 11,961 patients met all study selection criteria. Persistence rates at 12 months were significantly greater (p?0.05 for each comparison) for canagliflozin 100?mg (61%) compared with dapagliflozin 5?mg (40%), dapagliflozin 10?mg (41%), sitagliptin (48%), saxagliptin (42%), linagliptin (52%), liraglutide (47%), exenatide (23%), and long-acting exenatide (39%). The persistence rate was greater (p?0.05) for canagliflozin 300?mg (64%) vs canagliflozin 100?mg. Median adherence rates for canagliflozin 100?mg (MPR?=?0.83; PDC?=?0.79) and canagliflozin 300?mg (MPR?=?0.92; PDC?=?0.81) were greater than for the other index anti-hyperglycemic agents (MPR?=?0.33–0.75; PDC?=?0.33–0.72). Consistent results for treatment persistence and adherence were observed in multivariable analyses that were adjusted baseline characteristics.Conclusions: Canagliflozin was associated with better treatment persistence and treatment adherence compared with other anti-hyperglycemic agents in real-world settings. 相似文献
7.
In this paper, we consider the optimal proportional reinsurance strategy in a risk model with two dependent classes of insurance business, where the two claim number processes are correlated through a common shock component. Under the criterion of maximizing the expected exponential utility with the variance premium principle, we adopt a nonstandard approach to examining the existence and uniqueness of the optimal reinsurance strategy. Using the technique of stochastic control theory, closed-form expressions for the optimal strategy and the value function are derived for the compound Poisson risk model as well as for the Brownian motion risk model. From the numerical examples, we see that the optimal results for the compound Poisson risk model are very different from those for the diffusion model. The former depends not only on the safety loading, time, and the interest rate, but also on the claim size distributions and the claim number processes, while the latter depends only on the safety loading, time, and the interest rate. 相似文献
8.
This paper provides some of the first empirical evidence on labour market adjustments to exchange rate movements in Canadian
manufacturing industries. Controlling for endogeneity using generalized method of moments estimation, it is found that during
the 1981–1997 period, exchange movements have a substantial impact on labour input and that this impact has grown over time
as the manufacturing industries have become more exposed to trade. In contrast, the exchange rate effect on real wages is
estimated to be virtually zero for all manufacturing industries.
相似文献
Terence YuenEmail: |
9.
冷静 《上海城市管理职业技术学院学报》2011,20(1)
目前,交通拥堵已呈一线城市向二线城市蔓延的趋势,作为二线城市的青岛,很难一下子从轨道交通等硬件设施建设上改变现状。为此,文章提出了统筹兼顾,综合治理的对策:一是优化城市结构,合理规划城市交通网络;二是推动城市道路建设,完善城市交通基础设施;三是改善道路交通模式,优先发展城市公共交通;四是提升综合管理能力,理顺城市交通体制;五是应用交通新科技,建立一体化城市交通信息系统;六是提高停车泊位供应,推动城市停车设施供需平衡。 相似文献
10.
吉林老工业基地可持续发展的目标应定位在用三个五年计划的时间,完成企业、产业及经济社会三个层次竞争力的构建,形成全面的可持续发展能力,成为在我国经济社会发展中发挥重要作用的新型工业基地。 相似文献