民用建筑群风环境设计评价与分析

民用建筑群风环境的好与坏直接影响着人们生活环境是否宜居,本文针对陕西省安康某建筑群(包含住宅、办公楼和商用建筑)设计文件进行室外风环境评价与分析,通过CFD软件模拟夏季、冬季及全年最大风荷载下多个典型工况的进行分析,对本项目设计文件进行评价并给出相应的建议,为此类大型民用建筑群室外风环境设计提供相应的理论依据和参考.     

关于市政环卫工程中"城市病"的建议 ——以环境污染为例

随着北京城市化进程的加快,城市人口规模的增加,北京的"城市病"问题逐渐凸显出来.主要表现为城市环境污染,交通拥堵,资源枯竭,房价猛增,城市土地规划不合理等问题.这些问题同样给市政建设带来了巨大的阻碍.其中环境污染直接影响了城市的环境卫生状况,影响了市政环卫工作的进展.本文通过分析日本与中国的环境污染情况,以各自城市垃圾处理情况,来对中国环境卫生状况做出最后评价,找出其不足之处,提出相应的解决办法及建议.     

Who benefits from partial tax coordination?

In this paper, we investigate whether partial tax coordination is beneficial to countries within and outside a tax union, in which countries are supposed to compete in taxes and infrastructure. Our results demonstrate that a subgroup of countries agreeing on a common tax rate can harm both member and nonmember states. This is in contrast to the classical findings that partial tax harmonisation is Pareto improving. When a minimum tax rate is imposed within a tax union, we demonstrate that it does not necessarily improve the welfare of the member countries. Moreover, both the high‐tax and low‐tax countries can be worse off. This conclusion is at odds with the classical result that a high‐tax country benefits from the imposition of a lower tax bound.     

浅析土地储备制度对房地产价格的影响——以北京市为例

土地储备制度已经出台了将近14年,其在经济社会改革中扮演着重要的角色,使土地市场变得更加公平公正,提高了对土地管理的效率,并对房地产价格方面产生了较大的影响.本文通过整理分析北京市2013-2017年的地价与房价数据来探析土地储备制度对房地产价格的影响,得出土地储备制度是引起发地产价格房地产价格上升的因素之一的结论.     

Operational risk quantified with spectral risk measures: a refined closed-form approximation

The quantification of operational risk has become an important issue as a result of the new capital charges required by the Basel Capital Accord (Basel II) to cover the potential losses of this type of risk. In this paper, we investigate second-order approximation of operational risk quantified with spectral risk measures (OpSRMs) within the theory of second-order regular variation (2RV) and second-order subexponentiality. The result shows that asymptotically two cases (the fast convergence case and the slow convergence) arise depending on the range of the second-order parameter. We also show that the second-order approximation under 2RV is asymptotically equivalent to the slow convergence case. A number of Monte Carlo simulations for a range of empirically relevant frequency and severity distributions are employed to illustrate the performance of our second-order results. The simulation results indicate that our second-order approximations tend to reduce the estimation errors to a great degree, especially for the fast convergence case, and are able to capture the sub-extremal behavior of OpSRMs better than the first-order approximation. Our asymptotic results have implications for the regulation of financial institutions, and may provide further insights into the measurement and management of operational risk.     

VIX term structure and VIX futures pricing with realized volatility

Using an extended LHARG model proposed by Majewski et al. (2015, J Econ, 187, 521–531), we derive the closed-form pricing formulas for both the Chicago Board Options Exchange VIX term structure and VIX futures with different maturities. Our empirical results suggest that the quarterly and yearly components of lagged realized volatility should be added into the model to capture the long-term volatility dynamics. By using the realized volatility based on high-frequency data, the proposed model provides superior pricing performance compared with the classic Heston–Nandi GARCH model under a variance-dependent pricing kernel, both in-sample and out-of-sample. The improvement is more pronounced during high volatility periods.     

When Do Qualitative Risk Disclosures Backfire? The Effects of a Mismatch in Hedge Disclosure Formats on Investors' Judgments

Disclosure standards mandate the quantitative disclosure of hedging‐instrument‐related risks but not the disclosure of hedged‐item‐related risks. We examine how a match (mismatch) in formats, caused by making quantitative (qualitative) hedged item disclosures alongside quantitative hedging instrument disclosures, affects investors' integration of information from these two related disclosures. Our first experiment varies the hedged item disclosure format (quantitative or qualitative) and the portion of risk hedged (small or large). We find that when disclosure formats are mismatched, the less comparable nature of the two disclosures caused investors to neglect the offsetting relationship when assessing net risks. As a result, risk and investment judgments were influenced by the more prominent quantitative hedging instrument disclosures. Our second experiment finds that the use of a qualitative debiaser that clarifies the relationship between the two disclosures led to the integration of information and mitigated this effect.     

知识型员工双重社会网络对企业创新绩效作用机制研究

基于企业基础资源观和组织学习理论，从知识型员工个人和组织社会网络两个方面构建知识型员工双重社会网络影响企业创新绩效的理论模型，分析知识共享、组织学习及资源整合在员工双重社会网络对企业创新绩效影响机制中的作用。结果表明：知识型员工双重社会网络对科技型企业创新绩效的作用路径有3条，资源获取与整合、知识共享与学习及员工动态创新能力分别在其中发挥中介作用；在不同类型组织文化环境中，知识型员工双重社会网络对企业创新绩效的作用特征、作用重点以及作用机制存在显著差异，内部整合维度主要通过知识共享和组织学习影响企业创新绩效，外部适应维度主要通过隐性知识传播和资源整合影响企业创新绩效。     

产研协同提高创新链整体效能的新探索 ——基于新型科研机构的考察

我国国家创新系统和公共研发体系在应对当前国际竞争中发挥了巨大作用,但也暴露出在基础研究—应用研究—试验开发创新链过度分工问题,使各创新主体脱节.定位于工业研究院的新型科研机构,在创新组织和成果转化中正在逐渐显露出独特的优势,成为提高创新链整体效能的重要突破口.中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院以科学技术为枢纽、以产业协同为触媒的"渡船模式",通过协同创新克服科研与产业之间的缺失环节,成为贯通创新链、提高创新链整体效能的有效路径之一.     

论如何遏制大学生不当消费

当前大学生存在过分追求物质享受、志趣媚俗、品位低下、花钱无度等不当消费现象,教育部门应注重经常性教育引导,增强学生自警自控力;强化多重管理机制,增强学生自我约束力;注重营造良好的校园环境,增强学生的凝聚力。