The heterogeneous relationship between board social ties and corporate environmental responsibility in an emerging economy

Firms in emerging economies are faced with multiple, incompatible institutional forces in their environmental activities. Which of these forces will be dominant and instantiated within an organization is partly determined by the social relationships that a firm maintains with external actors. This paper investigates the relationship between board social ties and the level of environmental responsibility undertaken by firms in China, an emerging economy, by categorizing board social ties into three types in terms of the three isomorphic forces in the institutional field (coercive, normative and mimetic). Drawing on institutional and agency theories, using a sample of listed firms in environmentally sensitive industries, and a generalized least squares regression method, the results provide empirical evidence that ties that are linked to coercive and normative forces (i.e., political organizations and universities) are related to a higher level of environmental responsibility; however, those that are linked to mimetic forces (i.e., industrial peers) have a negative association with environmental responsibility, which is mitigated by CEO power. These findings suggest that the heterogeneous effects of board social ties on environmental responsibilities experienced by firms in a context of environmentalism are at an early stage.     

工资对个人劳动供给的非线性影响：部门市场化程度差异视角

从市场经济体制的建立到经济社会高质量发展，我国不同部门市场化程度有所差异，劳动供给的部门异质性随之体现。基于中国劳动力动态调查数据，结合汉森门槛回归模型和劳动供给模型，依托部门市场化程度的差异性，文章探讨了工资对劳动力个人供给的非线性影响及其部门异质性。主要得出以下研究结论：第一，我国市场部门与公共部门劳动力的个人劳动供给有所差异。第二，工资与个人劳动供给呈现非线性关系并且存在部门异质性。实证分析结果显示，工资对个人劳动供给的影响存在三个"突变点"，工资门槛均使得工资"激励效应"加强并呈现逐步增加的趋势。第三，劳动供给的工资门槛存在性别、城乡和行业异质性。第四，随着年龄增长、人力资本积累，个人劳动时间供给趋于降低，签署书面劳工合同使得市场部门劳动力工作时间显著增加，而政治面貌显著影响公共部门劳动供给。总体来看，无论是市场部门还是公共部门，我国劳动力个人供给曲线均未"向后弯曲"，国民经济高质量发展、改善收入分配格局、提升居民幸福感等议题需持续关注。     

股价信息含量与投资-股价敏感性——基于融资融券的准自然实验

本文利用2006-2015年间的数据研究了融资融券对投资-股价敏感性的影响。利用融资融券作为股价信息含量的一个外生冲击变量,本文研究发现,我国A股市场确实存在反馈效应,融资融券政策的实施增强了标的公司投资-股价敏感性,这个结论在采用倾向得分模型(PSM)配对后依然成立,说明融资融券使股价融入了更多有利于管理层投资决策的信息。其次,融资融券对投资-股价敏感性的影响在机构投资者比例高、流动性高、处于新兴行业的这类管理层反馈效应更强的股票组中更显著。参照以往研究考虑了融资约束对反馈效应的调节作用,同样发现融资融券对投资-股价敏感性的影响在国有企业和规模较大的企业组中更显著。最后,融资融券交易规模越大,投资对股价的敏感性越强。     

公路施工中软土路基的施工技术处理探析

软土路基水分含量高,变形几率较大,因此在对软土路基进行处理时,应当选择合适的施工技术,否则会影响到后续公路的正常使用.基于此,本文对软土路基的相关概念和特点进行了分析,并提出了软土路基的加固特点以及施工技术在公路施工中的具体要点,以期能够为后续公路施工中软土路基的处理提供有效参考意见,促进我国公路建设速度的不断提高.     

How is Benevolent Leadership Linked to Employee Creativity? The Mediating Role of Leader–Member Exchange and the Moderating Role of Power Distance Orientation

Previous research has shown that virtuous leader behavior in the form of benevolent leadership has considerable impact on employee creativity. However, little is known as to how and under what conditions these constructs are linked. In the current research, we proposed and tested a moderated mediation model positing leader–member exchange (LMX) as a mediator, and employee power-distance orientation as a moderator of this relationship. Two studies were conducted to test our hypothesized model. In Study 1, repeated measured data collected from 284 Chinese employees in an information technology company demonstrated that benevolent leadership had a lagged effect on LMX. In Study 2, analyses of multisource and lagged data from 391 Chinese employees in 42 research and development teams, and their direct supervisors indicated that benevolent leadership was positively related to supervisor-rated employee creativity via LMX. In addition, the relationship between benevolent leadership and LMX was stronger for employees high in power-distance orientation. Theoretical implications of benevolent leadership’s research and practical contributions concerning promoting creativity in organizations where benevolent leaders prevail are also discussed.     

双向八车道水稳基层平整度控制技术要点

随着国内车辆的井喷式增多,传统的四车道高速公路难以满足通行要求,目前八车道高速公路日益增多,同时大家对行车的舒适度也有了较高的要求.本文依托江苏省五峰山路面22标工程实例,对双向八车道高速公路水稳基层施工平整度控制要点,主要从原材料及混合料级配的选择对平整度的影响、施工工艺控制要点进行重点介绍,以供修建类似工程参考.     

城市高房价如何影响农民工的定居意愿

中国城镇化进入了以提升质量为特征的减速阶段,农民工有序完成迁移第二个过程,即在城市定居下来,这是高质量城镇化的重要组成部分,而快速上涨的城市房价对农民工定居意愿的影响日益凸显.本文首先构建中国城乡人口迁移两个过程的理论模型,分析城市住房价格对农民工定居意愿的影响及作用机制;其次将2012-2017年中国流动人口动态监测数据与288个城市数据匹配进行实证检验.研究发现,城市高房价显著降低了农民工的定居意愿,而定居意愿下降将会阻滞城镇化的进程.机制检验发现,城市高房价主要通过提高农民工家庭在城市的预期购房成本进而降低其定居意愿.此外,本文还进行了个体异质性和城市异质性检验.个体异质性检验发现,城市高房价对第二代、低受教育水平和本地无房农民工定居意愿的负向影响更大,对更高收入水平、更大发展空间以及可获得公共服务农民工定居意愿的负向影响更小;城市异质性检验发现,随着城市规模的扩大,城市高房价对农民工定居意愿影响的负向作用逐渐增大.本文的政策含义是抑制城市房价过快上涨、提高农民工收入和福利水平、提供更为平等的公共服务,以及解决好进城农民工"三权"有偿退出问题,可以增强农民工的定居意愿,推动城镇化高质量发展.     

Sybase数据库的磁盘镜像及故障恢复机制

数据库的可靠性是权衡数据库系统安全性的重要指标 ,数据库容错技术和有关故障 (包括系统故障、存储介质故障 )恢复决定了信息系统设计的规模和性能 ,特别是随着系统大型化 ,对数据库系统的联机处理性能提出了较高的要求 ,在故障恢复期间仍需具备一定的在线恢复 ( Non-Stop Recovery)能力。本文从故障恢复、磁盘镜像等方面讨论了Sybase数据库的有关机制     

中国传统文化对现代企业管理思想的影响

中国传统文化中蕴含着丰富的企业管理思想，对我国企业管理实践有重要影响。许多传统文化适合中国企业管理的实际情况，有很强的借鉴价值。也有一些传统文化思想对企业管理产生了不良影响，应当甄别对待。     

Rural taxation and government regulation in China

This paper places the problem of Chinese rural taxation in the context of government regulation and seeks to present an integrated theoretical framework of Chinese rural development in the past two decades. Our theoretical framework reconciles the seemingly contradictory facts that the average level of rural taxation relative to rural net income did not increase quickly from 1990, but rural taxation became a very serious problem in this period. Our findings suggest that this is in large part due to increases in rural income disparity from 1990 and uneven tax distribution among different income groups. We argue that differentiated enforcement of government regulations such as grain procurement and birth control play an important role in the rural taxation problem, and more generally, the problem of local government expansion and rising rural income disparity. The empirical findings support our hypotheses.