排序方式： 共有3条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1
1.
This article investigates the determinants of terrorist groups' failure by applying survival analysis in a discrete‐time specification. Our sample consists of a diverse set of 586 terrorist groups, in which just over 63% end operations (demise) during 1970–2007. We use RAND event data and Jones and Libicki terrorist group data. Findings show that the survival of terrorist groups is bolstered by diversifying attacks, having multiple home bases, locating in the Middle East, locating in a democratic country, and limiting reliance on transnational terrorist attacks. Moreover, larger groups have better survival prospects. Religious fundamentalist terrorist groups face better survival prospects than other terrorist groups. Terrorist groups located in a country with larger tropical territory are less likely to end operations; however, groups based in a landlocked country are more likely to fail. 相似文献
2.
This paper presents panel estimates for 18 Western Europe countries to ascertain the separate impacts of domestic and transnational terrorism on income per capita growth for 1971–2004. The paper merges domestic and transnational terrorist events in order to attribute growth impacts to the two broad categories of terrorism. Each additional transnational terrorist incident per million persons reduces economic growth by about 0.4 percentage points. Domestic terrorism has a much smaller effect on growth that is about half this size. Terrorism's negative impact on growth is related to the scale of terrorism in the sample countries in order to give a better idea of what is the average consequence in most sample countries. These negative impacts are shown to stem from domestic and transnational terrorism's adverse influence on investment shares. Counterterrorism efforts also augment government spending, which crowds out growth‐promoting investment. We show that the pathway by which domestic and transnational terrorism influences growth differs. For example, transnational terrorism works more through the crowding out of investment, while domestic terrorism works more through the increase in government expenditure increases. A host of sensitivity tests are performed to support our empirical model. Policy recommendations conclude the paper – e.g., measures to curb transnational terrorist attacks have a higher economic payoff than similar measures to reduce domestic terrorist events. Since transnational terrorism has a larger impact on income per capita growth than does domestic terrorism, West European efforts to curb transnational terrorism will have a greater economic dividend than efforts to limit domestic terrorism. 相似文献
3.
This article applies a two-tiered contribution model to ascertain the determinants of donors?? participation and contribution levels to giving aid for controlling HIV/AIDS in Africa. Bayesian spatial estimates for the two-tiered model are presented for 22 donor countries that gave aid to 48 recipient countries during 2000?C2007. We account for the public nature of HIV/AIDS contributions by including the contributions of other donors as a determinant at both participation and expenditure stages, along with standard determinants of general assistance. Independent variables account for altruistic, political, economic, location, institutional, and environmental factors. Donor??s reaction to spillovers differs in the two stages, thereby supporting the two-tiered estimates over the single-stage Tobit estimates. Aid for AIDS in Africa is motivated by a complex mix of strategic (publicness), altruistic, and donor self-interests. Key factors at both stages include donors?? spillovers, rule of law, past colonial ties, sharing a common language, trade, and people living with HIV. A host of robustness tests are presented. 相似文献
1