贫困治理参与、市场竞争与企业创新——基于上市公司参与精准扶贫视角

市场竞争在企业参与外部社会治理的过程中能够发挥创新激励作用吗?从这个问题出发,文章以中国上市公司参与精准扶贫为研究背景,从宏观治理与微观治理两个层面,政府与市场两个视角,投入与产出两个维度出发,考察参与扶贫对企业创新的影响,使用2016-2019年沪深A股上市公司样本先从投入维度实证验证了企业参与治理会在一定程度产生"创新投入挤占效应",即上市公司参与扶贫治理与其创新投入强度显著负相关.然而,更高市场竞争程度能显著降低"挤占效应",有效发挥创新作为根本动力的激励作用;更进一步的研究表明,区分信贷资源和政商关系的异质性,这种"挤占效应"在信贷资源可得性较差、政商关系水平更低的参与企业中更加显著.机制研究表明,这种"挤占效应"通过政策性负担的增加、管理层业绩压力的降低而显著提升.最后,经济后果分析发现,企业参与贫困治理虽然挤占了其创新投入,却提升了创新产出,企业创新产出的数量与质量都得到了改善,参与治理为企业创新效率的提升带来了益处.本文的研究有利于加深对企业主体创新行为的理解,为理顺政府与市场关系、激发企业创新活力提供了新思考,具有一定的学术意义与实践价值.     

教育驱动的县域城镇化与规划政策反思

县域是完成农民就近城镇化、实现城乡要素跨界配置、促进一二三产融合发展最为基础的空间单元.在一些户籍人口规模大的县域,县城公共服务设施的提标扩面是保障城镇化质量的关键,而教育设施至关重要.通过剖取皖北太和县重点研究,发现该类县城呈现出非常明显的基础教育驱动人口集聚的城镇化景观,现象背后折射出农业转移人口以家庭为单位用时空成本换代际流动的诉求,即该类城镇化的动力机制.农村学生家庭在乡城迁移过程中发生了从"半耕半工"向"半工伴读"的分工模式转变,家庭成员因就近陪读和远距离务工相结合而呈现横跨乡村—本地县城—异地大城市的时空离散.以教育为媒介,上一代在付出巨大时空成本的同时,下一代进行着"城市性"的生活方式、思维模式的社会习得,积累融入社会阶层体系的文化资本,乃至以考学作为通道,实现基于代际之上的城镇化.研究对于具体规划实践中,认识县域城镇化的特征趋势、扩大县城公共服务设施布局中教育资源的供给,提供了更为坚实的实证基础.     

Testing Part of a DSGE Model by Indirect Inference

We propose a way of testing a subset of equations of a DSGE model. The test draws on statistical inference for limited information models and the use of indirect inference to test DSGE models. Using the numerical small sample distribution of our test for two subsets of equations of the Smets–Wouters model we show that the test has accurate size and good power in small samples, and better power than using asymptotic distribution theory. In a test of the Smets–Wouters model on US Great Moderation data, we reject the specification of the wage‐price but not the expenditure sector. This points to the wage‐price sector as the source of overall model rejection.     

基于Python平台通过单因子指标法进行地下水质量评价

水质评价关系到水质质量,常见的评价方法有层次分析法、综合评价法等,这些方法评价过程非常复杂,单因子评价方法相比具有操作容易.实际中单因子进行评价时存在概念理解难、计算容易出错等问题.为解决单因子计算问题,本文提出采用Python编程语言进行单因子评价.本文详细分析了Python进行单因子评价流程,从数据采集、数据清洗、数据处理、系统实现进行分析.应用结果表明基于Python编程的单因子评价方法具有评价效率高、准确度高优点.     

Price dynamics in corn cash and futures markets: cointegration,causality, and forecasting through a rolling window approach

Financial Markets and Portfolio Management - This paper examines the causal structure among the daily corn futures and seven cash price series from Midwestern states from January 3, 2006, to March...     

Personal Income Tax Reform in China in 2018 and Its Impact on Income Distribution

In the context of personal income tax (PIT) reform in China in 2018, this paper examines some of the major issues of concern regarding the reform and income distribution. Using the China Personal Income Tax Micro‐simulation model, the paper compares the differences between the 2011 and 2018 PIT systems, and finds that residents relying on different income sources may face a large degree of real tax rate change. Once the tax system is altered to PIT 2018, the coverage of PIT for wage earners will decrease from 46.9 to 23.4 percent, the income redistributive effect will drop from 1.95 to 1.22 percent and the PIT's role in fiscal revenue will also be negatively affected. Nevertheless, if individual income continues to grow, the share of PIT in fiscal revenue is expected to return to the 2018 level in 2022, but its income redistribution function is difficult to recover in the short term. The paper finds that the effect of PIT on income distribution depends on the tax structure. Gradual transition to an “entirely comprehensive” tax system when conditions are appropriate will achieve better income redistribution results at a lower average tax rate.     

Aid for trade and the quality of exports

This article studies how aid for trade (AfT) affects the quality of recipient countries’ exports. It shows that the quality effect is most discernible for AfT for assistance in trade policy: a 50% increase in the value of AfT received in this category is associated with a 0.5–1% increase in the quality of exports to the donor and other OECD countries. On average, the actual AfT received for assistance in trade policy leads to a 2% upgrade of the recipient country in the quality ladder of all developing countries. Around half of this quality effect is driven by the quality improvement of continued products in continued markets (intensive margin), and the other half by the quality upgrading of new products in continued markets and existing products in new markets (extensive margin).     

The influencing factors of satisfaction and lending intention in online lending investment: an empirical study based on the Chinese market

This paper develops a platform‐based influencing factors model which considers value perception, risk prevention measure, non‐default experience, trust and incentive gap, to better examine the impact of platforms on investors’ satisfaction and lending intention based on the Chinese market. The results reveal that the first four factors positively influence the satisfaction of the investors, while the incentive gap has a negative impact, and there is a positive association between investors’ satisfaction and lending intention. Some specific features of China’s online lending market are identified, which provides valuable insights for online lending platforms and the government.     

社会地位来源对欺骗行为的影响——来自实验室实验的证据

如何减少欺骗是当前中国社会普遍面临的问题。文章结合社会地位理论和自我概念理论，研究了减少欺骗行为的机制。我们利用实验室实验，区分先赋性和自致性两种地位获取方式，用欺骗博弈来检验不同社会地位来源对欺骗决策的影响。结果发现，个人通过真实劳动获得的自致性社会地位可以显著减少欺骗行为；由于幸运得到的先赋性社会地位不能减少欺骗行为。同时，非物质收益的社会地位比赋予物质收益的社会地位更有效减少欺骗行为，说明物质收益是对市场化自我概念的提醒，从而无助于降低欺骗。研究结果在剔除策略性行为后依然稳健。研究有效验证了Mazar et al.（2008）关于影响欺骗行为的自我概念内在决定机制，并对各类组织提升诚信管理具有重要借鉴意义。     

基于AD9361的掌上型LTE RRU设计与开发

当前小体积远端射频单元（Remote Radio Unit,RRU）主要是皮站级别的Pico-RRU，其重量和体积仍然难以满足掌上型的要求。为此，采用高集成度的AD9361芯片来实现长期演进（Long Term Evolution，LTE）宽带收发信机功能，配合时钟同步模块、放大器模块和控制接口电路等一起构建低成本的掌上型RRU。主要解决了基于AD9516的时钟同步、低相位噪声设计和高灵敏度接收机设计三个技术难点，成功实现了掌上型、高性能、低成本的设计目标。整个RRU样机尺寸为18 cm×10 cm×2 cm，质量约500 g，量产成本千元以内。测试表明，该RRU下行误差向量幅度（Error Vector Magnitude，EVM）小于3%，优于3GPP要求的8%；10 MHz带宽时上行接收机灵敏度优于3GPP要求的-93.5 dBm。