基于SSBM-ESDA模型的安徽省县域农业效率时空演变

以绿色农业发展为导向,选择农业碳排放作为非期望产出指标,采用超效率的SSBM模型和探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)相结合的方法,以县域单元为尺度对2000-2017年安徽省农业效率水平、空间格局及其演变趋势进行实证分析。研究发现:①传统DEA模型忽视了农业碳排放等非期望产出的负面效应,从而高估农业资源利用的实际状态,基于超效率的SSBM模型更符合实际情况,能较好地识别各评价单元之间的优劣关系。②研究期内,安徽省农业效率值呈波动式上升态势,但总体上处于效率中等水平,农业效率空间分布不均衡,呈现出皖南地区>皖中地区>皖北地区的空间分布格局;空间变化趋势呈现自西向东递增、自北向南U型增长的变化态势,南北差异的增大是安徽省县(市、区)农业效率差异增大的主导因素。③除2010年外,安徽省农业效率呈正相关,空间差异有所缩小,但空间集聚程度相对较弱;安徽农业效率HH集聚县区集中分布于皖南地区,且呈现出向周边县区扩散的态势,LL型县(市、区)则主要分布在皖北地区,且空间分布较为稳定。④研究期内,安徽省农业效率空间正相关的县(区)数量有所增加,表明该时间段内安徽省农业效率空间上进一步集聚,LL型集聚的皖北地区应当是安徽省农业发展关注的重点。     

金融集聚、政府干预与企业创新行为——基于中国制造业企业的微观证据

从金融集聚的机制出发,本文分析金融集聚影响企业创新的原理和机制,将政府干预作为调节变量做了进一步研究,提出金融集聚、政府干预影响企业创新行为的假说并予以实证检验.研究结果表明,金融集聚和企业研发投入之间有着较为显著的正相关性,但地方政府对金融资源尤其是信贷渠道的干预却削弱了金融集聚对企业创新的促进作用.     

On automated e‐business negotiations: Goal,policy, strategy,and plans of decision and action

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in automated e‐business negotiations. The automation of negotiation requires a decision model to capture the negotiation knowledge of policymakers and negotiation experts so that the decision‐making process can be carried out automatically. Current research on automated e‐business negotiations has focused on defining low‐level tactics (or negotiation rules) so that automated negotiation systems can carry out automated negotiation processes. These low‐level tactics are usually defined from a technical perspective, not from a business perspective. There is a gap between high‐level business negotiation goals and low‐level tactics. In this article, we distinguish the concepts of negotiation context, negotiation goals, negotiation strategy, and negotiation tactics and introduce a formal decision model to show the relations among these concepts. We show how high‐level negotiation goals can be formally mapped to low‐level tactics that can be used to affect the behavior of a negotiation system during the negotiation process. In business, a business organization faces different negotiation situations (or contexts) and determines different sets of goals for different negotiation contexts. In our decision model, a business policymaker sets negotiation goals from different perspectives, which are called goal dimensions. A negotiation policy is a functional mapping from a negotiation context to some quantitative measures (or goal values) for the goal dimensions to express how competitive the policymaker wants to reach that set of goals. A negotiation expert who has the experience and expertise to conduct negotiations would define the negotiation strategies needed for reaching the negotiation goals. Formally, a negotiation strategy is a functional mapping from a set of goal values to a set of decision‐action rules that implement negotiation tactics. The selected decision‐action rules can then be used to control the execution of an automated negotiation system, which conducts a negotiation on behalf of a business organization.     

基于图像处理的管道分层流持液率测量方法

持液率是气液两相流研究中的重要参数之一,是进行流型判断和压降计算的基础。介绍了一种算法简单但准确度高的基于图像处理的持液率计算方法;在两相流实验中,用高速摄像机获得气液分层流图像,在Delphi环境下提取图像几处的像素基色数值,对其分布特点分析观察,采用合适的二值化处理算法得到可区分气液相的二值图像,最后从二值图像获得各截面持液率大小。     

我国厂商主导的区域分销制度产生的背景及其国际渊源

厂商主导的区域分销制度有两个显著的特点:一是全部是品牌产品,有的产品具有很高的知名度;二是分销商在销售区域上受到限制,不准许跨区域经营.这种制度是广义上的工业自销.本文借鉴国际大牌分销制度实例,品牌区域分销制度在今后一个短时期内可能不会削弱,在某些局部还可能得到进一步的强化;但从中长期看,随着连锁商业规模和范围的持续扩大,电子商务先进技术的不断普及,市场竞争活力和反垄断执法的日益加强,这种分销制度必将是逐渐衰落的趋势.这不仅是基于以上分析的一种逻辑判断,也是在发达经济体国家中正在逐渐明朗化的一个客观事实.     

比较“金砖五国”股票市场的系统重要性:基于危机传染的证据

本文提出并运用"SA-ΓCo Va R"分析,在全球经济环境处于危机期和稳定期两种情景下,从系统性危机传染强度的视角,比较了"金砖五国"股票市场的系统重要性。结果发现:(1)在危机期,金砖成员国市场的系统重要性无显著差异,但在稳定期,中国股市具有最高的系统重要性,即中国股市在稳定期对外围市场组合的风险影响最大;(2)上述结果不会因外围市场组合是金砖市场组合还是成熟市场组合而改变。因此,可以认为中国股市在稳定期具有最高的系统重要性。     

区域联动及其相关基本问题研究

区域联动是区域发展战略的创新,也是区域可持续发展的客观要求。文章通过区域联动基本涵义的诠释,对其产生的经济效应、基本特征和发生条件等进行了阐述与分析,进而构建了区域联动发展的"五维"模型,即产业联动、空间联动、市场联动、生态联动和行政联动。其中产业联动是核心,市场联动是媒介,空间联动是载体,生态联动是条件,行政联动是保障。区域联动就是各维联动相互促进的"五维一体"过程。     

公司内部治理机制研究述评与启示

长期以来公司内部治理问题一直是国内外学者研究的热点之一。从公司内部治理的激励合约、董事会及股权结构这三个主要方面对国内外的主要文献进行系统梳理后,得到的启示是,公司内部治理的研究应该重视高层管理人员与公司董事的个体异质性对企业战略及财务决策的影响;应该更多地关注制度因素与股权结构、投资者利益保护的关联性;应该把公司内部治理的研究与外部环境、公共治理相联系。     

基于支持向量机的上证指数预测研究

基于支持向量机的预测模型对上证指数进行预测,并将其预测结果与BP神经网络的预测结果进行对比,其结果表明,支持向量机的预测模型具有较高的拟合和预测精度并优于BP神经网络模型,且支持向量机预测方法计算速度快,准确率高,具有很好的推广应用价值。     

Efficient algorithms to detect pricing inconsistency for customizable products

For assemble‐to‐order manufacturers, the production is an assembly of predefined items. Products from these manufacturers are usually sold to customers directly, instead of through resellers. When these manufacturers adopt electronic commerce for their businesses, they explicitly publish the prices for their products in their electronic commerce web sites, and allow customers to make on‐line purchases based on the prices and the customized configurations. It is critical for the manufacturers to ensure that the same type of products has the same price, no matter how a customer does the customization. Unfortunately, pricing inconsistency exists in some electronic commerce web sites due to various reasons. In this paper, we present the problem to be solved at first. Then, we define two types of pricing inconsistency. Finally, we propose efficient algorithms to solve the problem based on reasonable assumptions. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.