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1.
Abstract
This article reviews recent literature on the theory of the firm. The issues addressed include the role and determinants of the size of firms, the financial structure and organisation of labour in firms, and the policy implications of this research . 相似文献
This article reviews recent literature on the theory of the firm. The issues addressed include the role and determinants of the size of firms, the financial structure and organisation of labour in firms, and the policy implications of this research . 相似文献
2.
Using a measure of default likelihood based on an option pricing method, we provide evidence that Fed policy actions affect the financial distress of commercial banks. When the Fed increases (decreases) interest rates, the measure of default likelihood increases (decreases). We show that when the Fed uses a tight money policy, the increase in default likelihood is more pronounced for banks that have less capital, have greater financial leverage, are smaller, have fewer growth opportunities, and have lower asset quality. Additionally, the effects on bank default likelihood are more pronounced when the Fed's policy signals less concern about economic growth, as indicated by its bias toward further tightening, and when there is a market expectation of higher short‐term market rates in the future. 相似文献
3.
Several studies find that bond rating downgrades cause negative valuation effects. Other studies find that signals conveyed by earnings releases, earnings forecasts, bankruptcies, and stock offerings of individual firms can be transmitted to their corresponding industries. By combining the two sets of studies, we hypothesize that bond rating changes may contain relevant information not only about the firm, but also about the corresponding industry. We find significantly negative valuation effects for rating downgrades, which are transmitted throughout the industry. Furthermore, we find that intra-industry effects depend on particular characteristics of the bond downgrade, the downgraded firm, and industry rivals. Specifically, the negative intra-industry effects are more pronounced when (1) the downgraded firm experiences a more severe share price response to the bond rating downgrade, (2) the downgraded firm is dominant in the industry, (3) the downgraded firm is more closely related to its rivals in the industry, and (4) the downgrade is due to a deterioration in the firm's financial prospects. 相似文献
4.
Robert D. Oexman Tami L. Knotts Jeff Koch 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2002,14(4):145-157
The evolution of society and economic pressure has provided the impetus for operating on a 24-hr basis in many industries. This has occurred with relatively little attention toward sleep deprivation and related problems facing shift workers and the organizations employing them. This paper first documents the move toward shift work and some sleep problems associated with it. We then describe sleep disorders that impact job performance. Next, we describe alternative schedules and give suggestions for shift work implementation. Finally, we offer some normative advice regarding the treatment of shift employees. 相似文献
5.
We review recent policy initiatives in Australia, such as corporate governance reporting requirements and innovations in defining directors' roles and responsibilities, and argue that such initiatives are often premised on overly simplistic models of the role played by directors. The role and effectiveness of directors vary according to the economic activity of the firm; hence, uniform guidelines for board composition, for example, are unlikely to be economically desirable. Likewise, statutory definitions of directors' duties are unlikely to be effective unless they allow for directors' roles to vary according to circumstance. Conversely, broad legal definitions will be problematic because of uncertainties in judicial interpretation. 相似文献
6.
Arthur J. Adams 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1986,14(3):52-57
Forecast improvement is often approached by attempting to find the “best” model for a given situation. Less attention has
been paid to the possibility of examining past prediction errors for patterns that may suggest forecast adjustments for the
future. This empirical study involves one firm’s management judgment forecasts for product sales and the attempts made to
improve their accuracy by removing certain types of bias. In three of the five series examined, error reduction averaging
close to thirty percent occurs as a result of the adjustment procedure. The other two series proved to be relatively free
from bias and were therefore not in need of the correction method described. 相似文献
7.
The Economic Value of Volatility Timing 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Numerous studies report that standard volatility models have low explanatory power, leading some researchers to question whether these models have economic value. We examine this question by using conditional mean-variance analysis to assess the value of volatility timing to short-horizon investors. We find that the volatility timing strategies outperform the unconditionally efficient static portfolios that have the same target expected return and volatility. This finding is robust to estimation risk and transaction costs. 相似文献
8.
We investigate bank stocks'sensitivity to changes in interest rates and the factors affecting this sensitivity. We focus on whether the exposure of commercial banks to interest rate risk is conditioned on certain balance sheet and income statement ratios. We find a significantly negative relation between bank stock returns and changes in interest rates over the period 1991–1996. We also find that bank characteristics measured from basic financial statement information explain bank stocks'sensitivity to interest rate changes. These results suggest that bank managers, analysts, and regulators can use this information to assess the relative risk exposure of banks. 相似文献
9.
10.
Using a sample of S & P 500 firms, we find that golden parachutes are associated with concentrated external ownership, less
concentrated internal ownership, and non-Delaware incorporation. We find little support that concentrated external owners
use golden parachutes as credible commitment devices. The general multivariate results support the incentive alignment hypothesis,
and reaffirm the view that golden parachutes are a mechanism used to align managerial and shareholder interests when there
is a separation between ownership and control. (JEL G32) 相似文献