Fiscal decentralization, revenue and expenditure assignments, and growth in China

Theory suggests that a close match between revenue and expenditure assignments at sub-national levels benefits allocative efficiency, and hence economic growth. That is, a convergence of revenue and expenditure assignments at sub-national levels of government should, according to the theory, be positively associated with a higher growth rate. In the case of China, this paper shows, divergence, rather than convergence, in revenue and expenditures at the sub-national level of government is associated with higher rates of growth. A panel dataset for 30 provinces in China is used to examine the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth over two phases of fiscal decentralization in China: (1) 1979–1993 under the fiscal contract system, and (2) 1994–1999 under the tax assignment system. The seeming contradiction between the theory and evidence in the China case is reconciled by taking into account the institutional arrangements that prevailed during the two phases of fiscal decentralization, in particular the inconsistency between the assumptions of the theory of fiscal decentralization and the institutional reality of China.     

煤运吃紧暴露铁路运力不足

铁路运输纷纷告急 由于冬季以来气温急剧变化,2003年用电高峰提前到来,发电用煤需求随之剧增,而运力一时难以提高,导致许多电厂煤炭库存减少,煤炭中转港口场存减少.2003年11月份秦皇岛港日均到车较10月份日均减少346辆,由于煤炭调入不足,79种内贸煤炭绝大多数都出现短缺,煤炭运输持续迟滞.     

城市贫困人群的医疗救助问题研究

随着城市居民最低生活保障制度的实施和不断完善,城市贫困人群的生活得到了一定程度的改善。但是,在现有体制下,贫困人群的医疗问题日益凸显出来,他们在医疗方面实际上处于一种双重缺失状态,如果不解决好这个问题,有可能会影响到整个社会保障制度的完善和社会的稳定。     

浅议资产评估行业执业责任保险及职业风险基金

为规避和降低资产评估行业职业风险,现阶段绝大多数评估机构都按照中评协有关规定从业务收入中计提职业风险基金.随着资产评估业务的拓展和执业环境的变化,仅以一种途径来防范职业风险已不能满足行业发展的需要.本文借鉴评估行业参加执业责任保险的情况,提出了存在问题及改进意见.     

我国商业银行私人银行业务的发展现状与对策

随着我国富裕阶层队伍的不断壮大,我国私人银行业务显示出巨大的市场潜力,中外银行因此展开了激烈的竞争。但是,我国商业银行发展私人银行业务也面临着诸多制约因素。因此,我国商业银行应在市场细分、产品的研发与创新、品牌建设、组织架构、专业人才的培养、外部环境建设等方面采取切实措施,以促进私人银行业务的发展     

高职课程"城市规划原理"多维教学方法探索

文章针对高职课程"城市规划原理",从教学内容宽度以及教学对象角度进行切入,提出了以城市认知、绘图练习、理论教学的三位一体以及教师与学生主动性互换为主要内容的多维教学方法,为高职课程教学方法改革提供了新的思路.     

基于聚类分析电信运营企业仓库布局优化研究

以某电信运营企业为例,在现场调研的基础上,分析了企业仓库布局的主要问题,应用聚类分析方法,提出了仓库布局优化方案,并进行了方案的综合评价.     

大义父母40年续写异国亲情

在山东省荣成市上庄镇小龙庄村外,一座石墓格外显眼.墓主是该村村民邹殿臣,立墓者是他的日本"儿子"渡边浩充.追随着这座石墓,一段感人至深的故事为世人所传颂.     

The approach to transforming the traditional agricultural economy: a research on the multiple paths of poverty alleviation and transformation in rural China

Transforming a traditional agricultural economy into a modern economy is one of the main themes in economic development. Through theoretical and empirical analysis, this paper finds out that the key to transformation is to raise the economic value of people, to improve human capital investment and to match the stocks of physical and human capital. China’s rural economy is on the edge of economic take-off, and different zones may pursue different paths for transformation. The source of rural poverty is not the scarcity of income or consumption, but the deficiency of education, social security, medical care and economic opportunity, which we define as “capability poverty”. __________ Translated from The Journal of World Economy (世界经济), 2005,(2) (in Chinese)     

广东本地服装品牌的市场培育

本地原创品牌的发展塑造需要坚持,也需要本地市场的支持。品牌经营者必须充分了解市场需求,有针对性地进行市场培育,同时结合自身条件进行品牌营销,才能在市场上取胜。文章基于服装品牌消费者层次分析,提出以差异性的品牌推广方式来培育忠诚顾客的若干策略,从而提升原创品牌的市场竞争力。