Novel tiO2 nanocatalysts for wastewater purification: tapping energy from the sun.

Water treatment using TiO2 semiconductor as a durable heterogeneous photocatalyst has been the focus of environmentalists in recent years. Currently, we developed an inexpensive and highly efficient approach for synthesizing nitrogen-doped TiO2 with lower band-gap energy that can respond to visible light. Doping on the molecular scale led to an enhanced nitrogen concentration of up to 21.8%. Reflectance measurements showed the synthesized N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles are catalytically active with the absorbance that extends into the visible region up to 600 nm. The water purification potential of this new class of compound was evaluated by studying the photodegradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and E. coli. Experiments were conducted to compare the photocatalytic activities of N-doped TiO2 nanocatalysts and commercially available Degussa P25 power under identical solar light exposure. N-doped TiO2 demonstrated superior photocatalytic activities in both chemical compound degradation and bactericidal reactions. The result of this study shows the potential of applying new generations of catalyst for wastewater purification and disinfection.     

Fluidised pellet bed bioreactor: a promising technology for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse.

A pilot-scale fluidised pellet bed (FPB) bioreactor, which combines chemical coagulation, biological degradation, particle pelletisation and separation in one unit, was applied for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse. As a result of rational use of inorganic coagulant and organic polymer and moderate mechanical agitation, spherical particles were generated in the upflow column and a well-fluidised bed was formed. With a continuous supply of dissolved oxygen through a recycling loop, an aerobic condition was kept in the bottom section of the FPB column. Under such conditions the pellets in the FPB column showed the following characteristics: (1) compact structure and high density; (2) rich in microorganisms; and (3) high MLSS and MLVSS concentrations. Therefore, the FPB bioreactor achieved more than 90% removal of SS, COD, BOD and TP from raw domestic wastewater within a total hydraulic retention time (HRT) of only about 30 minutes. It also showed nitrification and denitrification ability and the TN removal could be about 50% as the recycling ratio was increased to 1:1. The treated water quality is generally competitive with the secondary effluent from a conventional activated sludge process. With these advantages the FPB bioreactor is recommendable as a compact system for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse.     

两种水轮发电机组开机控制技术的比较及优化

本文建立了水轮发电机组仿真模型,并以某电站的水流特性、机组惯性等实际参数作为仿真模型参数,着重研究水轮发电机组的两种开机控制规律,分析了原有以空载开度为限制的机组开机控制技术,提出以恒转速变化率为控制目标的机组开机控制技术,并将两种开机控制技术进行了仿真比较。通过仿真波形分析比较表明,两种开机控制技术各自具有的优越动态性能。在工程实践中,将这两种开机控制技术都应用到水轮机调速器开机程序中,可以根据水电站现场对开机动态性能的不同要求在停机态切换两种开机控制流程。     

太湖流域水灾害应急对策研究

太湖流域是我国经济社会高度发达的地区之一,发生水灾害时往往会造成重大经济损失。对发生各类水灾害时的应急对策展开研究总结,以减轻水灾害,避免人员伤亡,保障经济社会可持续健康稳定发展,并通过分析典型案例的实际应对过程,为今后开展类似工作提供参考。     

3-D numerical simulation of curved open channel confluence flow with partially non-submerged rigid vegetation

For the study of the effects of partially non-submerged rigid vegetation on the free-surface confluence flow in a curved open channel,a numerical simulation is ...     

三门峡水电站1989—1994年汛期浑水发电试验研究情况综述

对三门峡水电站１９８９￣１９９４年汛期浑水发电试验研究情况作了概括性介绍。章指出，１９８９年以前三门峡水电站汛期不能发电主要是由于汛期含沙量高、电站泄流排沙设施还不完善、水库管理运用经验不足以及发电设备抗磨蚀性能差等原因造成的。通过６年汛期浑水发电试验研究，摸清了水轮机过流部件在汛期运用条件下的磨蚀破坏规律，掌握了各部位的破坏面积，特征和强度；在３８种试验材料中筛选出了ＳＰＨＧ１合金粉末喷焊材料     

应用水文气象信息监测陇南地区滑坡泥石流的研究

滑坡泥石流是丘陵山地常见的一种危害巨大的自然灾害，它常与暴雨洪水相伴随，暴雨是其触发条件，利用水文气象信息进行滑坡泥石流的动态监测是必要的，也是可行的，为此选定滑坡泥石流分布密度大，爆发频繁的甘肃陇南地区１９７６年以为发生的１１次典型的滑坡泥石流，对其发生时气象条件，暴雨特征进行了分析研究，总结了滑坡泥石流发生时的天气环流特性以及暴雨洪水特征，提出了利用水文气象信息进行滑坡泥石流动态监测的方法。     

3-D SHALLOW WATER FLOW COMPUTATION BY A SEMIIMPLICIT FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

A simi-implicit finite element method is developed for three-dimensional shallow water flow. By using water depth to scale the vertical coordinate, the governing equation is transformed into fixed computational domain. An efficient generalized conjugate gradient scheme is adopted for the solution of finite element analogy.     

三峡工程基础帷幕灌浆试验

根据三峡工程坝基岩石地质特点,采用“孔口封闭、高压灌浆”法和ＧＩＮ法以及使用没灌浆材料,在现场进行灌浆试验,以便对三峡工程主体建筑物基础灌浆设计技术参数进行验证并寻求合适的交流 材料、施工方法与工艺措施。此次帷幕灌浆试验结果表明：“孔口封闭、高压灌浆”法灌浆效果明显,能达到设计源防渗标准;ＧＩＮ灌浆法,其抗生及耐久性达不到设计要求。湿磨普通水泥浆液和改性灌浆水泥,均能满足三峡帷幕灌浆对浆材的要求。     

220kV变电站自动化系统施工技术及质量控制

施工质量对自动化工程的最终质量保证起着决定性作用,严格控制施工质量是自动化工程总体质量控制的关键环节.以湖南220kV东升变电站新建工程为例,阐述了变电站自动化工程各施工项目的施工技术、工艺要求以及质量控制要点,并指出了施工过程中应注意的问题,可供其它变电站自动化系统施工工程参考.