智能体响应均衡模型

经济系统是非常复杂的,很难用常规的方法模型进行刻画与模拟。随着计算机技术的发展,以及人工智能、神经网络、模糊数学等方法的创新,计算机智能水平不断提高,这使得计算机模拟复杂经济系统的现象成为可能。基于智能体技术及广义模型,研究了模拟经济运行的思路与方法,提出了智能体响应模型,它可以描绘出经济系统中各种商品的供需曲线、价格曲线、产量产值曲线,可及时更新投入产出表,模拟财政货币政策的实施效果,模拟检验某些经济理论或观点等。     

Is Common Stock Obsolete?

Agency theory rests on a well-defined relationship between shareholders and managers. That relationship is examined and found to be a poorly denned state-contingent contract. The implications of that finding, and the existence of only a weak market for managers, lead to the conclusion that the traditional assumptions about the rights of shareholders no longer apply and that common stock (ordinary share capital) is obsolete.     

Dynamic supply chain modeling using a new fuzzy hybrid negotiation mechanism

The key part of dynamic supply chain management is negotiating with suppliers and with buyers. Coordination is essential for successful supply chain management. In order to model coordination among suppliers and buyers in a dynamic supply chain, this paper takes a step further and proposes a new fuzzy- logic-based hybrid negotiation mechanism. In most real-world negotiation situations, agents have a common interest to cooperate, but have conflicting interests over exactly how to cooperate. These situations involve restrictions and preferences that may be vaguely and partly defined. Therefore, this study takes the advantage of fuzzy logic and develops a hybrid negotiation-based mechanism, that combines both cooperative and competitive negotiations. Achieving effective coordination in a multi-agent system is non-trivial as no agent possesses the global view of the problem space. Moreover, the different strategies adopted by agents may produce conflicts. While agents coordinate with each other in the operations, they will negotiate about their strategies to reduce conflicts. The proposed fuzzy hybrid negotiation mechanism allows negotiation agents more flexibility and robustness in an automated negotiation system. The proposed mechanism not only helps sellers and buyers to explore various new choices and opportunities that the e-markets offer but also allows them to identify and analyze their resource constraints in a given schedule, and helps them to explore and exploit many alternatives for a better solution. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated through an illustrative example.     

规范和发展我国注册税务师行业的思考

目前我国注册税务师行业发展存在不少问题,如行业立法不健全、鉴证专营业务少、执业行为不规范、收费方式不科学、代理市场发展较慢等,应采取系列措施如逐步修改健全法律法规、进一步拓展新的专营业务、分类和规范业务收费、试建税务师办税专用数据库平台、推进行业执业保险制度等等,来规范和发展之。     

中国家族企业成长的困境

“家族企业”这一概念在不同国界、不同文化背景、不同市场环境下存在着明显的差异，学者们对于其定义至今没有达成一致。华人家族企业在特殊的成长环境中更是具有其复杂性。本文对家族企业融合金融资本和社会管理资源的困境进行了分析，并提出一些对策建议。     

Externalization of employees: thinking about going somewhere else

Externalization of employment relations was a general trend among businesses in the 1990s. As a consequence we observe an increasing use of temporary workers, outsourcing and insourcing. This paper is concerned with the consequences of externalization of employment relations from the perspective of employees. The paper is based on an in-depth empirical study of a corporate adjustment programme in a large government-owned energy producer in Sweden. The company is trying to stimulate internal mobility by means of training programmes, adjusting its workforce to changes in market demand without lay-offs. I argue that externalization of employment relations is not only a matter of temporary, administrative or geographical distance between employer and employee. Instead a complementary form - externalization of responsibility - is suggested. The results may have consequences for the understanding of human resource policies aiming at employability.     

Management consultants as improvising agents of stability

Relatively few studies have paid theoretical as well as empirical attention to what use organizations have of management consultants and their services. By studying how buyers and sellers of management consulting services describe what management consulting is and represents, this study questions common understandings in the literature, i.e., that management consultants act as agents of change or as standardizers of organizational practice around the world. It is argued that consultants can be understood as playing the role of improvisers because there is considerable uncertainty among both buyers and sellers as to what use organizations really have of them. Playing a recognizable, yet indefinite role based on an institutionalized foundation, in both discourse and practice, of what actors such as consultants are supposed to do in certain situations, helps client organizations to reduce the uncertainty experienced. The conclusion is that management consultants can therefore be understood as agents of stability rather than agents of change.     

2006-2008年上海市81家医院抗组胺药应用分析

目的了解上海市医院抗组胺药的应用情况和发展趋势。方法调查上海市81家样本医院2006～2008年抗组胺药应用主要品种金额、用量、DDDs以及新品种临床应用的评价。结果抗组胺药最常用品种是西替嗪和氯雷他定。新品种的上市逐渐打破二药的垄断,呈现群雄逐鹿局面。结论：应加强对抗组胺药的开发和合理应用。     

引入移动agent技术的动态电子商务交易框架的设计

本文针对电子商务中存在的问题,将四种主要的分布式计算技术的特点与动态电子商务进行比较,根据比较情况将移动Agent技术应用在动态电子商务的建设中,并对引入移动agent技术的动态电子商务交易框架进行设计。希望对我国的电子商务建设工程有所帮助。     

In the service of the society: The labour management practices of an Australian life Insurer to 1940

This article considers the labour management practices in use in the Australian life insurance industry during the inter-war period. Using the Australian Mutual Provident as a case study, it is argued that the specific human resource management practices evolved to deal with separate sets of problems arising from the functions of the life insurance business and the manner in which the principal/agent problem was manifested. The differing nature of work associated with the sales and management of life insurance fostered the development of primary and secondary labour markets in which the benefits flowing to one were superior to those accruing to the other.