从浙江民营经济发展谈西部开发

本文在描述浙江民营经济发展的轨迹，总结浙江民营经济发展的一般意义的基础上，认为西部开发的关键在于经济发展的内生机制，而民营经济的发展有利于创建这种内生机制。论文还探讨了西部发展民营经济的初始条件和发展模式。     

基于认知视角的创业机会发展过程研究

理性创业时代背景下，如何把握创业机会已成为创业者普遍关心的问题。选取34位创业者作为研究样本，运用文本挖掘和多案例匹配分析方法对创业机会发展过程进行分析、编码，探究创业行为背后的认知机制。研究发现，在机会发现或创造阶段，创业者通过反事实思维推动的创业警觉和创业拼凑两种途径形成创意，并经过新旧认知体系的排斥与趋同形成心智模型，以揭示创业机会发现或创造的认知机制；在机会评估阶段，创业者通过对风险—收益感觉与知觉的多轮反复交互，形成第一人称机会信念和第三人称机会评估，由此揭示创业机会评估的认知机制；在机会开发阶段，创业者形成机会开发内外两种机制，外在机制围绕“探索导向—商业模式创新—新企业成长”展开，内在机制围绕换位思考、效果推理等认知因素推动企业创新、资源获取展开。结论对丰富创业认知理论和管理实践具有重要意义。     

辽宁沿海经济带地脉文化旅游开发利用的经验、问题与对策

地脉文化也被称为地脉和文脉，是一个地方旅游发展的基石。根据地脉文化与旅游产品关系对比可以将旅游开发分为两类四型：（1）旅游产品扎根于地脉文化发展模式 （根基稳固、主次分明）；（2）旅游产品脱离地脉文化发展模式 （左顾右盼、横生枝节）。本文根据这一基本原理对辽宁沿海经济带旅游发展及旅游产品进行了系统分析，总结了辽宁沿海经济带地脉文化旅游开发利用的经验、问题与对策建议。结果显示：辽宁沿海经济带的地脉文化基础有 “海” “滩” “宜” “河” “港” “城” “工” “农” “山” “史”十大方面。 “海” “城” “山”的旅游产品是辽宁沿海经济带各地当前旅游发展主要方向； “滩” “农” “史”旅游产品是辽宁沿海经济带各地当前旅游发展主要方向； “滩”“农”“史”正在发展； “宜”（宜人气候、度假资源）表面发展丰富，实际潜力巨大； “河”（河流、湖泊、水库） “港” （港口） “工”（工业旅游）是被忽视或者发展滞后的地脉文化资源。     

西部民族地区新农村建设中的特色经济与特色人力资源开发研究

西部民族地区新农村建设,特色经济仍然是其必然选择,而特色经济的发展,特色人力资源的开发是有效途径.在西部民族地区农村人力资源开发中,存在着重视程度不够、开发基础薄弱、开发机制不健全以及开发主体单一等问题.鉴于此,从政府作用机制、教育机制以及人才管理机制等方面对西部民族地区新农村建设中特色人力资源开发的有效途径进行探讨.     

论新疆特色旅游商品的深度开发

旅游商品的销售状况是反映一个国家与地区旅游发展水平的重要标志。挖掘地方和民族文化内涵,加强旅游商品的深度开发将有利于新疆旅游商品产业链的深化与延伸,对满足旅游者对旅游商品的多元化需求,促进新疆旅游业的发展,以及培育新疆经济新的增长点都有重要意义。     

Exploratory and exploitative innovation: To what extent do the dimensions of individual level absorptive capacity contribute?

Individuals are considered the frontline that allows firms to learn from external sources. However, a firm can only benefit from individual efforts if it understands to what extent the dimensions of individual-level absorptive capacity are related to its innovation strategy. A firm's innovation strategy is characterized by the notions of exploration and exploitation, which result in either radical or incremental innovation. This study examines the driving factors of individual-level absorptive capacity regarding a firm's exploration versus exploitation strategy. Using quantitative data from 104 individuals, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was conducted, verifying individuals' competencies in identifying external knowledge as a trigger for both exploratory and exploitative innovation. Consequently, these specific abilities also contribute to organizational ambidexterity. Furthermore, the results show the dichotomous contribution of individual competencies in assimilating external knowledge. While exploratory innovation thrives with individual assimilation efforts, realization of exploitative innovation is not significantly related to these efforts. Ultimately, individuals' competencies in utilizing external knowledge are significantly related to neither exploratory nor exploitative innovation. Moreover, this study provides means for managers to systematically position individuals in the external search process.     

旅游社区旅游业可持续发展障碍

旅游业的可持续发展呼唤从社区层面进行旅游目的地旅游的开发与管理。文章从社区层面上对旅游社区可持续发展的环境、聚居、经济及社会文化等方面的障碍因素进行了分析,认为旅游业可持续发展应建立在社区这一更宏观层面意义上,探讨旅游社区具有地格特色和本土文化意境的稀缺性资源,从整体上把握好旅游开发与社区建设的和谐共赢,实现旅游社区整体旅游形象设计与塑造,并确保旅游社区之间统筹与合作,方能实现旅游社区经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的整体优化和旅游业的可持续发展。     

Strategy–organization configurations in corporate venture units: Impact on performance and survival

We develop a typology of corporate venture units, based on their strategic role in the corporation, and specifically on (a) their relative emphasis on exploration versus exploitation and (b) the internal versus external locus of opportunity they pursue. Following configurations logic, we argue that the structures and systems used by venture units will be a function of their strategic role, and that their performance will be higher when internal elements are aligned. We also argue that exploitation-oriented units will survive for longer than exploration-oriented units. Using primary data collected on 95 venture units during 2001–2003, we use configurational analyses to test and find support for our hypotheses.     

The asymmetric moderating role of market orientation on the ambidexterity-firm performance relationship for prospectors and defenders

Drawing on the resource-based view of the firm and, in particular, the capabilities perspective of firm performance, the authors examine the relationship between ambidexterity and firm performance for two strategy typologies: prospectors and defenders. Ambidexterity, defined as the combination of two discrete capabilities (exploration and exploitation), should have a less negative effect on firm performance among prospectors that add exploitation to exploration than among defenders who add exploration to exploitation. Hence, this research predicts an asymmetric effect of ambidexterity on firm performance for prospectors and defenders. The authors further posit that a boundary-spanning culture, such as market orientation, can function as a metaculture by integrating the subunit cultures generated by exploration and exploitation. As a result, market orientation should mitigate the negative effect of ambidexterity on firm performance, albeit differently for prospectors and defenders, and thus point to an asymmetric moderating role of market orientation. The findings provide mixed results, which the authors discuss along with some theoretical and managerial implications.     

The Exploitation of Sports Market Forces： Case Study of American Professional Franchises

Three market forces play into the hands of American professional sports franchises, which are leagues, cities and monopoly power. In consideration of the American professional franchises, this paper studies how teams exploit the three market forces and achieve the optimal revenue.