Towards a resilience management framework for complex enterprise systems upgrade implementation

The lack of knowledge of how resilience management supports enterprise system (ES) projects accounts for the failure of firms to leverage their investments in costly ES implementations. Using a structured-pragmatic-situational (SPS) case study research approach, this paper reports on an investigation into the resilience management of a large utility company as it implemented an ES upgrade. Drawing on the literature and on the case study findings, we developed a process-based resilience management framework that involves three strategies (developing situation awareness, demystifying threats, and executing restoration plans) and four organisational capabilities that transform resilience management concepts into practices. We identified the crucial phases of ES upgrade implementation and developed indicators for how different strategies and capabilities of resilience management can assist managers at different stages of an ES upgrade. This research advances the state of existing knowledge by providing specific and verifiable propositions for attaining a state of resilience, the knowledge being grounded in the empirical reality of a case study. Moreover, the framework offers ES practitioners a roadmap to better identify appropriate responses and levels of preparedness.     

食品国际贸易的官方标准与私营标准——兼论与SPS协议的关系

食品安全是食品贸易中的焦点问题,受到发达国家官方标准和私营标准的共同关注。文章从官方标准和私营标准的内涵出发,阐述了二者的发展趋势及相互关系,分析了用于约束官方标准的SPS协议的主要原则及私营标准与SPS协议的冲突之处。研究发现,发达国家食品安全的官方标准和私营标准均越来越严格,私营标准比官方标准更为广泛和严格,私营标准尚不受SPS协议约束,且在科学依据、透明度、等效性等方面违背了SPS协议的原则。     

技术性贸易措施对中国企业出口决策的影响--基于出口强度与市场范围视角的考察

本文利用企业出口决策模型阐明了技术性贸易措施对企业出口强度和市场范围的影响,并基于2010-2015年中国出口企业的微观数据进行了验证。研究表明:技术性贸易措施对企业出口规模和市场范围的扩大具有显著的阻碍作用;并且企业受影响频次比越高,负面效应越明显;技术性贸易措施影响的覆盖范围越广泛,就越能倒逼企业进行有效应对,其负面效应将有所减弱;具体到技术性贸易措施的不同类型,技术法规与标准主要制约企业出口强度的扩大,而合格评定程序则主要限制企业出口市场范围;但不管哪种类型的措施,对农产品企业的负面影响程度都会高于工业品企业。     

试析WT0框架下与转基因产品相关的贸易规则--兼论中国转基因产品立法之完善

随着转基因技术的兴起和转基因产品贸易的发展,转基因产品的安全性日益成为人们关注的焦点.WTO框架下与转基因产品直接相关的协议包括<SPS协议>和.这两个协议的相关条款在对转基因产品贸易适用过程中存在着一系列法律问题.改进的办法是拓宽WTO规则,纳入消费者优先原则.另外,我国转基因产品立法也存在不足,需根据WTO规则进一步加以完善.     

SPS措施对中国畜产品出口的影响及对策——基于引力模型的实证分析

SPS协议的滥用使中国畜产品出口受到严重影响.文章利用引力模型测算出SPS措施对中国畜产品出口的影响显著.主要原因是SPS协议的不完善,中国畜产业贸易体制的缺位,中国畜产品质量以及企业应对SPS诉讼的态度被动等,因此,中国畜产企业要充分利用SPS协议,完善自身经营环境和贸易理念,同时,各部门要发挥其服务职能,提升中国畜产品出口的竞争力.     

WTO的SPS规则适用分析

SPS协议规定每一成员有权采取为保护人类、动物和植物的生命或健康所必需的卫生与动植物检疫措施。但是,如果成员方滥用这一权利就可能阻碍国际贸易的正常交往,进而演化成新的贸易保护主义。对此,国际社会应当给予必要的关注。     

浅析我国农产品出口遭遇技术性贸易壁垒的现状及原因

技术性贸易壁垒已成为中国产品进入国际市场的首要非关税壁垒,目前中国农产品的安全问题比较严重。我们应注意当今国际贸易中各类国家实施TBT/SPS的新趋势及新动向,必须实行全过程的农业标准化管理,只有这样,我们的农业生产,才可能商品化,产业化,国际化。     

Do SPS measures matter for margins of trade? Evidence from firm-level data

According to the World Trade Organization (WTO) standards, countries are allowed to adapt regulations under the Sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) and technical barriers to trade (TBT) agreements in order to protect human, animal and plant health, as well as environment and human safety. Yet, these measures can become an impediment in international trade, especially for developing countries. Therefore, using an Egyptian firm-level data set and a new database on specific trade concerns raised in the TBT and SPS committees at the WTO, we analyse the effects of product standards on two related aspects: first, the probability to export (firm-product extensive margin), and second, the value exported (firm-product intensive margin). We merge this data set with a new database on specific trade concerns raised in the TBT and SPS committees at the WTO. Our main findings show that SPS measures imposed on Egyptian exporters have a negative impact on the probability of exporting a new product to a new destination. By contrast, the intensive margin of exports is not significantly affected by such measures.     

我国“后过渡期”WTO/SPS措施与农产品国际贸易研究

从WTO/SPS的产生与内容开始,利用经济学的外部性理论与信息不对称理论对WTO/SPS进行了系统的理论分析,探讨了它产生和存在的理论基础、以及作为正常检疫措施与贸易壁垒的二重性及判断标准,并研究了WTO/SPS在我国“后过渡期”的新趋势及对我国农产品国际贸易的影响,同时提出了建设性的建议与对策。     

关于SPS措施的研究动态综述

SPS措施是与食品安全、动植物健康、环境风险密切相关的技术性措施，也是国际贸易必须遵循的游戏规则，是一把“双刃”剑。西方学者对SPS的研究已形成较为完整和成熟的理论，在研究方法上，多采用定量研究为主，并紧密地服务于贸易实践，这对我国学者加深对SPS的理论认识．借鉴以贸易实践为基础的量化研究方法，具有重要启示。本文从多维角度综述了中外学者关于SPS的研究成果。