香港和内地证券市场的动态竞争关系研究——基于A+H交叉上市公司的实证分析

交叉上市引起不同证券市场对有限投资者和资金资源的竞争。文章在阐述证券市场竞争的Lotka-Volterra模型基础上,通过2006-2010年38家A+H交叉上市企业的日交易数据实证分析了香港和内地证券市场之间的动态竞争过程。结果表明,两市场之间的动态竞争关系从交叉上市初期的捕食—诱饵关系逐步演化为目前的竞争互惠关系,且这种动态演化过程与企业交叉上市顺序没有显著的相关性。这说明内地证券市场正在不断完善,鼓励企业境外上市和A股回归将有利于内地证券市场的发展,而且互惠合作应是未来证券市场竞争的发展趋势。     

交叉上市、风险分散与溢出效应

本文从非交叉上市公司对交叉上市的市场反应入手，利用对比公司法（MatchedFirmApproach）和事件研究法，实证分析了交叉上市对国内非交叉上市公司带来的影响。分析表明，我国的交叉上市政策增强了国内股票市场的风险分散功能，给国内上市公司带来了正的净溢出效应。     

Competition among exchanges through simplified disclosure requirements: evidence from the American and Global Depositary Receipts

In this study, we address the ongoing debate as to whether the competition among the world's major exchanges through simplified disclosure requirements is justified. Companies from across the globe have a choice of cross-listing shares as either American or Global Depositary Receipts (ADRs and GDRs, respectively). The former are primarily listed on the US exchanges – NYSE, NASDAQ and AMEX – whereas the latter are issued into non-US markets such as the London Stock Exchange (LSE). The GDRs listed on the LSE are subject to simplified disclosure requirements compared to their exchange-listed ADR peers that have to meet more stringent compliance standards. Proponents of the ‘light touch’ approach argue that firms cross-listing as GDRs are not subject to the higher reporting costs faced by ADRs yet still face similar valuation benefits. Those who challenge this approach argue that simplified disclosure requirements set by the LSE will ultimately be recognised by the market as ineffective, diverting traders from investing in GDRs. This study provides evidence that supports the LSE's ‘light touch’ approach and shows that the benefits of information risk reduction for ADRs and GDRs are comparable. The explanation for this finding is that the two avenues through which information asymmetry is expected to be resolved after cross-listing – disclosure and analysts – are substitutive and make equally important contribution to information risk reduction, eventually leading to similar cost of capital decline for ADRs and GDRs.     

我国企业境外上市再融资效果的实证研究

本文以在香港联交所主板境外上市的企业为样本,对我国企业在境外证券市场的权益资本再融资情况进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,我国企业在境外证券市场没有获得理想的再融资效果。     

Optimal vs satisfactory transparency: The impact of global macroeconomic fluctuations on corporate competitiveness

Being able to separate temporary global macroeconomic influences – caused by fluctuations in exchange rates, interest rates and inflation – from intrinsic performance – related to a superior product, production process or management – is crucial to assessing the development of a firm’s competiveness. Against that background, this paper analyzes institutions’ role in making firms supply outside shareholders with relevant information corresponding to satisfactory transparency from the shareholder perspective. Based on a sample of the 100 largest public European firms, it is found that no firm provided information to a level deemed satisfactory by the outside shareholder. One explanation may be that optimal transparency for the firm does not equal satisfactory transparency for the outside shareholder. However, the implementation of IFRS/IAS 1 in the EU as of 2005 and a company’s international cross-listing activities exhibit associations with a better supply of information and a narrowing of the gap. Shareholders in the Anglo-Saxon corporate governance system are provided with more relevant information than those in other corporate governance systems. The paper adds to the literature on the role of institutions in international corporate governance, with a particular focus on information asymmetries in an international business context.     

交叉上市、投资者关注与企业创新——基于沪深A股上市公司的实证研究

企业通过交叉上市引入多个资本市场的投资者关注,可能对企业的创新行为产生影响,然而少有研究从该视角切入。本文以2007—2014年沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,综合运用PSM模型和多元线性回归模型,从投资者关注视角探究交叉上市与企业创新行为间的内在关联。结果显示,(1)相比仅在A股上市的企业,交叉上市企业更加注重创新投入,该结论在控制了可能的内生性问题后依然成立;(2)在区分了交叉上市类型后发现,交叉上市对企业创新活动的促进作用仅存在于A+H股交叉上市公司;(3)以境内外投资者持股比例测度投资者关注的异质性,实证检验境内外投资者关注差异是引起企业创新水平高低的重要因素。本文拓展了交叉上市领域的研究范畴,并为解决中国企业创新不足提供不同视角的方案。     

The costs of foreign single listing

A significant number of firms conduct their initial public offerings in a foreign market without a domestic listing; this is known as a foreign single listing. The existing literature has mainly focused on examining cross-listings – where firms are listed in both the domestic market and one or more foreign markets – with little attention to foreign single listings. This study examines the costs of foreign single listings. Using a sample of Chinese firms, we show that – on average – the stocks of foreign single-listed firms are undervalued by around 20–30% relative to cross-listed firms. The results are robust in both panel regressions and in a natural experiment analysis. Our findings have strong implications for firms which may consider listing overseas.     

中国境外上市公司的会计信息披露质量与公司治理研究——基于A+H股上市公司年度报告数据的实证检验

本文基于60家A+H股上市公司共计331个会计年度财务报表数据,采用境外上市会计信息披露质量的双因子跨国模型,检验中国内地公司到香港上市是否显著影响了它们的会计信息披露质量,并检验股权集中度、董事会规模、管理层持股比例、董事会成员与管理层的重合程度等公司治理因素对境外上市公司会计信息披露质量的影响作用。     

A、H股交叉上市能提高流动性吗?

本文选取了先发行H股后发行A股的40只交叉上市股票作为研究样本,在统计检验的基础上,采用事件研究法和面板数据回归方法相结合分析了交叉上市的流动性效应。研究结果发现,H股回归A股市场这一事件公布后的30个交易日里,A、H股交叉上市公司所发行H股的换手率相对于公告前有显著的增大,即A、H股交叉上市能够提高上市公司股票短期内的流动性。本文的研究结果对交叉上市的相关文献做出了重要补充,并且具有重要的政策含义。