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Reducing tarihttp://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/entities/fb00.gif" alt="latin small ligature ff" title="latin small ligature ff" border="0">s and increasing consumption taxes is a standard IMF advice to countries that want to open up their economy without hurting government finances. Indeed, theoretical analysis of such a tarihttp://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/entities/fb00.gif" alt="latin small ligature ff" title="latin small ligature ff" border="0">–tax reform shows an unambiguous increase in welfare and government revenues. The present paper examines whether the country that implements such a reform ends up opening up its markets to international trade, i.e. whether its market access improves. It is shown that this is not necessarily so. We also show that, comparing to the reform of only tarihttp://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/entities/fb00.gif" alt="latin small ligature ff" title="latin small ligature ff" border="0">s, the tarihttp://www.sciencedirect.com/scidirimg/entities/fb00.gif" alt="latin small ligature ff" title="latin small ligature ff" border="0">–tax reform is a less efficient proposal to follow both as far as it concerns market access and welfare. 相似文献
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Chau-Chen Torng Pei-Hsi Lee Nai-Yi Liao 《International Journal of Production Economics》2009,120(2):495
The double sampling (DS) http://www.sciencedirect.com/cache/MiamiImageURL/B6VF8-4W1SRNP-2-2F/0?wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkzV" alt="View the MathML source" title="View the MathML source" align="absbottom" border="0" height=12 width="14"/> chart can reduce the sample size when monitoring the process mean. In this study, Duncan's cost model was modified by adding the statistical constraints to develop the design model of DS http://www.sciencedirect.com/cache/MiamiImageURL/B6VF8-4W1SRNP-2-2V/0?wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkzV" alt="View the MathML source" title="View the MathML source" align="absbottom" border="0" height=12 width="14"/> chart for the optimization of design parameters—sample size, control limit coefficient, warning limit coefficient and sampling interval. A numerical example was provided to illustrate the use of this model. A sensitivity analysis of the effects of model parameters and statistical constraints on the optimal design of DS http://www.sciencedirect.com/cache/MiamiImageURL/B6VF8-4W1SRNP-2-37/0?wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkzV" alt="View the MathML source" title="View the MathML source" align="absbottom" border="0" height=12 width="14"/> chart was also performed. 相似文献
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Evan F. Koenig 《Journal of Economics and Business》1996,48(5):487-498
A http://binary-services.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0148619596000367-si1.gif"> model of changes in the deflator for nondurables and services consumption expenditures is estimated simultaneously with the error-correction model of M2 growth described in Koenig (1996). The inflation forecasts generated by the joint model have marginal predictive power for changes in the GDP deflator and exhibit none of the systematic bias which has plagued the original http://binary-services.sciencedirect.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0148619596000367-si2.gif"> formulation in recent years. Output-market slack is of little use in predicting changes in the consumption deflator, but there is evidence of a speed effect. 相似文献
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