创业投资机构对其支持企业IPO抑价度的影响

本文介绍了国外关于创业投资机构如何影响企业IPO抑价度的主要理论,在此基础上以我国的中小企业板上市公司为研究对象,通过比较分析发现与非创投支持企业相比创投支持企业有着更高的抑价度,进一步地研究表明该现象可用Am it et.al.[1]提出的逆向选择理论来解释。     

The Underpricing and Excess Returns of Initial Public Offerings in Taiwan Based on Noisy Trading: A Stochastic Frontier Model

Initial public offerings (IPOs) are typically offered at prices lower than the transaction price in the early aftermarket. With a stochastic frontier model, we measured the fair offer price of an IPO and then the deliberate IPO underpricing and the market misvaluation based on the estimated fair offer price. Our results show that IPOs are deliberately underpriced. The extent of noisy trading leading to significantly higher market transaction prices explains the excess IPO returns. We conclude that initial IPO returns result primarily from the noisy trading activities instead of the deliberate IPO underpricing.     

The Performance of Internet Firms Following Their Initial Public Offering

We find that initial returns were more favorable for Internet initial public offerings (IPOs) than non–Internet firm IPOs. Since the demise of the Internet sector, the underpricing of Internet–firm IPOs is not significantly different from other IPOs.
Initial returns of Internet firms are positively and significantly related to underwriter prestige and to pre–IPO market conditions. However, initial returns after the demise of the Internet sector are not significantly related to these characteristics.
The aftermarket performance of Internet firms is initially favorable but weakens over time. Firms that experienced higher initial returns during the strong Internet cycle experience weaker aftermarket performance.     

Does reputation of sponsors matter in IPO? Evidence from Hong Kong

Contrary to other markets where underwriters perform a combined role of underwriting and sponsoring in an Initial Public Offering (IPO), IPO issuers in Hong Kong must appoint at least one sponsor in addition to the underwriters. The splitting of the single role of underwriters into two separate ones offers an ideal setting to disentangle the effects of the two roles and to examine which of the two roles—sponsor or underwriter—is more important in explaining IPO underpricing and initial volatility in the Hong Kong equity market. Interestingly, our findings provide supportive evidence that the sponsor reputation does matter in an IPO and it is even more significant than the underwriter reputation in explaining the IPO underpricing phenomenon. Given the recent high-tech fervor, our research goes deeper to examine specifically the role of sponsors on high-tech firms, with results indicating that the reliance on sponsors is higher for traditional issuers than for technology firms. We further discover that sponsors and underwriters are playing substitution roles rather than complementary roles. In order to examine the regulatory policy impact, our research also compares the role of IPO sponsors before and after the launch of the new sponsor regulatory regime in 2013. The empirical findings lend support to our argument that after the launch of the new regulations, public awareness of sponsors is raised, respect towards more reputable sponsor increases, and thus, the role of sponsors becomes more important than before.     

投资者的异质预期对IPO抑价的影响

针对IPO抑价中的有意抑价和无意抑价问题,运用行为金融理论,在以机构投资者利益最大化推导出机构投资者需求函数的基础上,研究了散户和机构投资者的同质和异质预期对IPO抑价的影响,并进行抑价进行比较分析。研究表明:机构投资者具有有意抑价的激励;当机构投资者与散户对新股价值不存在分歧时,IPO抑价中只有有意抑价,而无无意抑价;当机构投资者与散户对新股价值存在分歧时,分歧越大,IPO抑价越高,而抑价中的有意抑价不变、无意抑价增大。     

VC/PE-BACKED对我国创业板上市公司IPO抑价度影响的实证研究

VC/PE投资机构在我国创业板上市公司IPO中扮演着重要角色,风险投资机构通过协助企业在资本市场上市,实现企业和自身投资活动的增值。我国创业板市场刚成立不久,IPO抑价现象明显,并且在其上市的公司背后大都有VC/PE投资机构支持。因此本文就VC/PE-BACKED对我国创业板上市公司IPO抑价度影响问题进行实证分析,探究VC/PE-BACKED是否对IPO抑价度有影响,以及影响程度。在研究得出VC/PE-BACKED对创业板上市公司IPO抑价度具有一定影响的基础上,对影响VC/PE-BACKED上市公司IPO抑价度的解释变量进行回归分析,得出结论并提出相关建议。     

IPO高抑价之谜：“租金分配观”还是“定价效率观”？——基于2005-2012年数据

对中国IPO极高的抑价现象存在两种不同的解释——“定价效率观”和“租金分配观”。以2005—2012年A股IPO公司作为样本,对这两种观点进行检验,结果表明：“租金分配观”只在2005-2008年成立,在2009-2012年不成立;“定价效率观”则能更好地解释2005年实施询价配售制度以来中国IPO抑价率的变化。     

媒体报道、投资者情绪与IPO抑价——来自创业板的证据

以2009年10月创业板开板以来至2011年3月底的所有创业板IPO公司为研究样本,探讨了媒体报道在IPO抑价中的作用。通过测量招股公告日至上市日前一天的媒体报道数量,发现媒体报道与IPO抑价率正相关,并且媒体报道与IPO抑价的关系是以投资者情绪为桥梁的。此外还发现,创业板IPO存在显著的周历效应,周五上市的公司比例高...     

承销商声誉与IPO抑价关系的实证研究

通过对我国252家沪深上市企业的实证检验,研究在保荐承销制下我国承销商声誉在IPO抑价中的有效性。得出结论：在保荐核准制下我国承销商声誉并没有充分发挥作用;其次,作为询价制度体现的网下配售比例在中小板块发挥作用,肯定了其在提高发行市场效率中的作用。     

异常审计费用、审计质量与IPO定价——基于A股市场的分析

以A股市场2006—2012年IPO公司为研究对象,探讨异常审计费用与审计质量的相关性及其在IPO定价中的作用。结果发现：对全样本,异常审计费用与IPO抑价水平显著负相关,与可操纵性应计利润的绝对值和股票上市后的长期市场表现不相关;当考虑异常审计费用的方向时,正的异常审计费用与IPO抑价水平、可操纵性应计利润的绝对值显著负相关,与股票上市后的长期市场表现显著正相关,而负的异常审计费用与三者的相关性均不显著。这表明作为会计师事务所努力程度的体现,正的异常审计费用不会损害审计质量,相反在一定程度上能提升审计质量。因此,监管部门应更多地关注审计收费不足所存在的风险。