Use of mathematical models in automotive transportation policy analysis: A case study

Mathematical models are used widely in automotive transportation policy analysis. The limitations, benefits, and uses of a case-study model, the Sweeney Passenger Car Gasoline Demand Model, were examined. It was found that because of users' lack of awareness of the model's characteristics, the model has sometimes been misused, although the misuse appears to have had no major negative policy impact. However, the model use has had some impact on major automotive/energy policy decisions of the 1970s. Involvement by the model author in applications of the model contributed to effective use of the model in the policy process.     

Synthesis of qualitative and quantitative approaches to long-range forecasting

Integration of qualitative and quantitative forecasting approaches is usually attempted and appraised in the context of improving forecast accuracy. This paper examines the feasibility and potential merits of integrating these two approaches to produce a useful range, rather than to improve the accuracy, of long-range forecasting. Two approaches of synthesis, one beginning with qualitative future scenarios and the other beginning with quantitative econometric models, are described, illustrated, and compared.     

Two copy testing techniques: The cloze procedure and the cognitive complexity test

The theory behind two copy testing techniques—the cloze procedure and the cognitive complexity text—is reviewed; and three hypotheses are developed for testing. These two techniques work especially well when used together as they provide a way to match message properties with the audience's abilities. In a discriminant analysis setting, support is found for all three hypotheses, and a substantial portion of the variance in the criterion variable—advertising recall—is taken into account. The results of predictions to a validation sample are also encouraging.     

Controlling the performance of professionals through the creation of congruent environments

Many problems arise from potential incompatibilities between characteristics of professional employees and characteristics of organizational control systems. These incompatibilities may lead to dysfunctional conflict between the role expectations of the professional and organizational requirements, depending on the degree to which an incongruence exists between the two. A framework for conceptually analyzing congruence between individual, organizational, and occupational components is offered and implications for the control system are made.     

基于ZigBee的路灯控制的网关设计

ZigBee网关是zigBee网络的重要节点,本文所设计的网关是在路灯控制系统中至关重要的一环,它是使用Ann7芯片LPC2220以及cc2420为核心进行扩展设计的,主要实现了网关与所在ZigBee网络的节点之间的通信.     

Technology forecast of space robots to the year 2000

Technology forecast of robots for performing assembly and maintenance tasks in space to the year 2000 is made on the basis of forecasting concepts of generation dynamics and precursors. Inputs were obtained from interviews with experts as well as literature review.     

曲安奈德前房注射在复杂性白内障手术中的临床效果

目的探讨复杂性白内障手术中前房内注射曲安奈德的临床效果及安全性。方法 138例(138眼)复杂性白内障患者随机分为两组,观察组39例患者术中前房内注入曲安奈德0.4~0.8 mg;对照组99例患者术中球旁注射地塞米松针2.5 mg。观察两组患者术后第1天、第7天、2周、1个月的视力矫正≥0.3者,记录术后第1、3、7天及2周出现渗出情况,并观察患者并发症。结果两组患者术后第1天、第7天视力矫正≥0.3者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后2周、1个月差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者第1、3、7天及2周出现渗出情况明显低于对照组,且对照组患者并发症发生情况明显高于观察组,差异有统计学意义。结论复杂性白内障术中前房注射曲安奈德,可减轻早期术后炎性反应,促进视功能早期恢复,提高了手术的安全性及效果,且操作简单易行。     

Protocol: New Tool for Product Innovation

The new product process is often plagued by delays, cost overruns, products which don't sell well, and a state of near battle between marketers and R&D groups. These problems are being attacked by a wide variety of new management practices today. For example, we have recently seen better statements of strategy, smaller less bureaucratic organization forms, mathematical models for economic evaluation, and post-launch tracking and control systems. One area of concern has been slow to respond—the communication of direction to R&D. This paper speaks to the communication problem by proposing a concept called "protocol." The concept is explained, and its usefulness and difficulties are discussed. This article tells why something like a protocol is needed, and points out the problems in its development and use.