STRATEGIC ORIENTATION,CAPABILITIES, AND PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURER — 3PL RELATIONSHIPS

This study examines how two dimensions of strategic orientation (customer and competitor orientation) influence logistics and market performance. Two capabilities, operational flexibility and collaboration, are studied. Data were collected from manufacturers working with third party logistics providers. The findings suggest that customer and competitor orientations have different influences upon performance when leveraged through the capabilities. Competitor orientation, while having a detrimental direct effect on logistics performance, appears to be the better strategic approach, when supported with operational flexibility since it results in enhanced logistics (efficiency) and market (effectiveness) performance. Customer orientation, on the other hand, greatly improves logistics performance, i.e., internal efficiency.     

动态能力视阈下我国汽车制造企业智能化转型升级路径研究

基于3家实施智能化转型升级的国内汽车制造企业,进行了跨案例研究,构建了我国汽车制造企业智能化转型升级的理论模型。该理论模型表明,我国汽车制造企业智能化转型升级可以分为自动化、信息化以及智能化3个阶段。企业基于动态能力不断调整其在不同阶段所拥有的核心能力,在自动化阶段,主要是通过实施以提高制造能力为核心的战略实现转型升级;在信息化阶段,主要是通过实施以标准化、信息化集成为核心的战略实现转型升级;在智能化阶段,主要是通过实施以企业柔性化建设为核心的战略实现转型升级。     

结构嵌入、动态能力与组织绩效:一个混合模型

供应链企业对外部关系网络的结构性嵌入,有利于其获取更多异质性资源,这为组织绩效提升奠定了基础。在构建结构嵌入、动态能力与组织绩效关系混合模型的基础上,实证检验了结构嵌入对组织绩效的影响。研究结果表明：结构嵌入与组织绩效间存在显著的倒“U”型关系,即结构嵌入具有“拐点”效应,过高水平的结构嵌入不利于组织绩效提升;环境动态性在结构嵌入对组织绩效的影响中发挥有中介的调节作用;学习能力和创新能力在结构嵌入对组织绩效的影响中存在有调节的中介效应。     

Innovation in start-ups: Ideas filling the void or ideas devoid of resources and capabilities?

We investigate how access to different types of resources affects the success of entrepreneurial start-up firms at early stages of development in small isolated economies by studying 12 start-ups based in New Zealand. We find that successful commercialization of innovations depends on the availability of complementary assets, and that capability-based resources, especially dynamic capabilities, have a greater impact on competitive advantage of start-ups than other intangible and tangible assets. For the start-ups in our study, alliances with partners are particularly important, and so the ability to form alliances is a key capability. Successful start-ups leverage their available resources to attract alliance partners in order to access necessary complementary resources. The start-ups in our study clearly demonstrated the ability to attract partners locally but struggled to do so internationally, thereby limiting their growth potential.     

Theoretical perspectives on strategic environmental management

Strategic Environmental Management (SEM) incorporates into firms' core strategies the transformation of products and processes that they believe an environmentally concerned society will increasingly demand. Significant threads have to do with the discovery of cost savings and market opportunities from reducing environmental impacts. SEM, like the environmental regulation hypothesis associated with Michael Porter, implies that society's efforts to reduce external environmental costs often lead to identification of hitherto-ignored or undeveloped profit possibilities. This would be surprising from the standpoint of neoclassical economic theory, to the extent that SEM utilizes available information about the potential costs and benefits of projects. Within the framework of evolutionary, capabilities-based theories of the firm, however, this discovery and its exploitation in SEM make perfect sense. Capabilities theory would imply that firms' intrinsic path dependence may previously have obscured such opportunities. This paper examines the theory of SEM, its implications for neoclassical and capabilities theories of the firm, and survey results drawn from the author's work with member companies in a regional pollution prevention roundtable. RID="*" IDI have enjoyed the able and insightful research assistance of Justin Vernon. Cooperation from the companies that participated in the survey, and financial support from Allegheny College and its Center for Economic and Environmental Development, are gratefully acknowledged. Reviewers for this journal provided numerous, valuable suggestions. Responsibility for the material herein remains mine alone.     

'Beyond the M-form': Towards a Critical Test of the New Form

This paper critically examines Bartlett and Ghoshal's claim that a radical new organizational form, distinctly different from the M-form both in terms of its structure and psychological underpinnings, may be observed among transnationals. The main theoretical dimensions of the M-form and the 'New Form' are delineated and compared within the context of the discourse between Transaction Costs Economics (TCE) and the Knowledge Based Approach on organizational advantage. Thereafter empirical evidence centred on ABB is extended and re-examined. On the basis of this analysis the thesis of an emergent new form is found to be unsupported. It is thus reasonable to assume that any organizational advantage transnational companies may possess still resides in hierarchical governance as identified by TCE and outlined in its multinational M-form application. To the extent to which it exists, normative social control has a secondary status.     

网络嵌入、动态能力与企业创新绩效——一个模糊集定性比较分析

网络嵌入、动态能力与企业创新绩效间关系一直是战略管理领域研究的热点话题,但以往研究忽视了网络嵌入与动态能力各构成维度间不同组合对创新绩效的复杂性影响。因此,基于组态视角和集合论思想,采用模糊集定性比较分析法,以220家中国企业为样本,从企业外部网络嵌入和内部动态能力培育两个层面,探讨网络嵌入和动态能力的不同维度影响企业创新绩效的多重组合路径。研究结果表明：企业创新绩效提升路径包括网络嵌入—能力促进型、双元能力推动型、网络嵌入—能力冲突型和创新能力缺失弥补型4种构型,且网络嵌入三维度间存在一定的替代性。     

国有股权参股对家族企业创新效率影响机制与路径研究

在混合所有制改革和创新驱动发展战略实施背景下,国有资本“举牌”民营企业对企业创新体系的作用机制亟待研究。基于2008-2018年上市家族企业数据,从创新投入和创新产出两个视角探讨国有股权参股对家族企业创新效率的影响,根据股东资源理论分析可能的影响路径。通过Heckman两阶段模型实证发现：国有股权参股显著促进家族企业创新投入和创新产出,并最终对创新效率产生积极影响,而获取政府补贴和提升创新管理能力是两条中介路径。该结论揭示了混合所有制改革在激发民营企业创新活力中所发挥的重要作用和影响机制,为家族企业提高创新效率提供了新方向。     

提升中国制造业企业能力的路径研究

如何获取和保持持久竞争优势是企业面临的实际问题?能力是推动企业发展的重要支撑物,而中国制造企业正因低能力梯度而陷入发展的困境。分析指出,只有合理有效地发展企业能力才能进一步推进企业发展,并基于企业能力发展过程的分析探讨了能力发展的实现路径。