地区关系文化与企业创新

作为中国文化的重要组成部分，关系文化在制度改革进程中，促进了体制约束或资源匮乏背景下的企业创新行为。然而，浓重的地区关系文化犹如无形的制度牢笼，束缚着企业创新活动。利用中国内地120个城市工业企业数据，实证考察了地区关系文化对企业创新的影响。结果显示，地区关系文化对企业创新具有显著促进作用。随着地区关系文化的发展，企业创新活动将受到抑制，两者呈现显著倒“U”型关系。进一步研究表明，地区关系文化对企业创新的倒U型效应仅在规模较大的企业中显著；相较于国有企业，该效应在非国有企业样本中更显著；企业是否属于高技术行业则对两者关系无实质性影响。     

关系取向对员工满意影响的实证研究

在现有文献中,有关关系取向对员工满意影响的研究尚属空白.(1)通过15位服务人员的深度访谈,对关系取向的内涵进行定性探索;(2)预调查对量表的信度和效度进行评价并修改部分问项;(3)对天津连锁药店的86位店长和217位销售人员的正式问卷调查表明:关系取向、关系交换与员工满意正相关;个体文化差异对关系交换有负向影响,而对关系取向有正向影响.研究结果可以指导经理们提高上下级关系管理的有效性.     

The coexistence of transaction and relational marketing: Insights from the Chinese business context

Transaction and relational approaches to marketing have been promoted as alternative forms but recent evidence suggests that they may coexist. We explore this in the context of China. If firms operating in a highly relational society, such as China, exhibit transactional behavior, these two approaches must be compatible. We argue that Chinese values give rise to business practices consistent with both transactional and relational perspectives. These are summarized in six propositions for research. Theory building and managerial practice could benefit from thinking in terms of how elements from the two perspectives can be brought together rather than remain as alternatives.     

The international market selection of Chinese SMEs: How institutional influence overrides psychic distance

The purpose of this research is to contribute to the ongoing debate about whether psychic distance still plays a vital role in the internationalisation of SMEs from emerging markets. Drawing on the prior research which suggests the salient impact of institutional factors on internationalisation, we investigate the role of home country institutions in international market selection. Adopting a multi-case methodology, we collected semi-structured interview data from six small and medium-sized manufacturing firms in China. Our findings suggest that while psychic distance is still important in some circumstances, both formal institutions, such as government support, and informal institutions, such as business and political guanxi, enable Chinese SMEs to choose psychically distant markets. Our findings also indicate that informal institutions interact with formal institutions to further influence SMEs’ international market selection. This research contributes to SME internationalisation studies by revealing how formal and informal institutional factors override psychic distance in influencing international market selection.     

中国关系营销视角下的第三方物流企业营销策略

中国关系营销是中国人际关系活动向市场活动或经济活动渗透的一种自然取向.将中国特殊的人际关系用于商业活动,对于解决关系营销的操作性问题具有重要作用.中国关系文化中存在关系营销的因素,但基于中国文化的关系营销与西方关系营销存在差异.通过对中国第三方物流企业开展关系营销的影响因素及现状的分析,提出在中国特殊的关系背景下第三方物流企业的营销策略.     

创造力与员工创新：上下级关系与目标导向的调节作用

创造力如何高效转化为员工创新是管理实践普遍面临的问题。依据社会认知理论,通过对4家国有企业管理者及其下属进行问卷调查,探讨了上下级关系和目标导向对创造力与员工创新的调节作用。结果发现：学习目标导向对创造力与员工创新存在显著的正向调节效应;企业上下级关系显著负向调节创造力与员工创新关系;目标导向与上下级关系交互调节创造力与员工创新,其中学习目标导向减弱了上下级关系对创造力与员工创新的负向调节作用,证明目标导向增强了上下级的负向调节效应。该结果揭示了创造力与员工创新的复杂权变关系,可为组织管理者科学有效管理创造力与员工创新提供理论启示与实践指导。     

服务质量、私人关系对顾客忠诚的影响研究

服务质量和顾客忠诚是企业获得竞争优势的法宝,而私人关系作为中国企业管理中独特的要素受到越来越多的关注,揭示三者之间的内在联系对于提升服务企业绩效及丰富相关管理理论十分重要。本文以服务行业为研究对象,研究服务质量、私人关系对顾客忠诚的影响。数据分析结果表明,企业的服务质量和顾客与服务人员私人关系都正向影响顾客对企业的忠诚,企业的服务质量有助于提升顾客与服务人员的私人关系,在企业一致性高的情况下,顾客与服务人员私人关系对顾客对企业忠诚有更大的影响。这些发现对于提升顾客忠诚有一定的借鉴意义,也有助于丰富中国情境下的本土化理论。     

A bittersweet phenomenon: The internal structure, functional mechanism, and effect of guanxi on firm performance

This paper explores the mechanism of guanxi and how it affects firm performance from a constructive perspective. It aims to contribute to the extant literature by investigating the negative side of guanxi and expounding on how guanxi functions, adversely impacting firm performance. Specifically, as guanxi grows, its negative effect leads to erosion of firm performance. Further, interorganizational trust and relationship-specific investment, as two potential mediators, can enhance and amplify the eroding effect of guanxi on firm performance.     

关系在中国的文化内涵：管理学者的视角

关系及其作用被认为是在中国从事商业活动的一个基础性变量,也被认为是中国文化主导下的企业从事商业活动的一个重要特点。虽然国内外已经积累了不少研究关系的文献,但是关系与中国文化之间联系的线索还不清晰——我们并不确定二者是如何联系起来的。依照狭义的文化概念和中国文化的核心特质,本文试图以管理学者的视角探讨这一问题,从关系状态、关系行为、关系规范和关系导向等几个方面寻找“关系”在中国的文化内涵,为管理学者更深人地探讨关系的商业功能打一个基础。本文的主要结论如下：在文化构成的三个层次中,关系状态和关系行为是人际关系的现象文化,以个性化和多样化的方式展现着中国文化的丰富性;关系导向和关系规范则体现着中国文化对人际关系的基本假设和显性价值观,具有更深刻的文化内涵和更重要的文化基因,决定着中国人际关系的共性。     

Reprint of “Green Supply Chain Collaboration implementation in China: The mediating role of guanxi”

This study aims to understand how buyer–seller relationship, competitive environment and guanxi affect Chinese manufacturers’ decision to implement Green Supply Chain Collaboration (GSCC). We also examine whether guanxi is able to mediate the buyer–seller relationship and GSCC implementation. Data collected from 222 Chinese manufacturing organizations were analyzed using the partial least squares method of structural equation modeling. The result shows that buyer–seller relationship influences Green Supply Chain Collaboration through asset specificity, volume uncertainty, transaction frequency and competitive environment. The results also showed support for our hypotheses that guanxi mediates the effect of asset specificity, volume uncertainty and environmental competition on GSCC.