建设关中城市群,推动陕西工业化、城市化进程

国内外经验表明，城市群发展战略是一个国家或地区工业化、城市化的主要模式。陕西关中地区具有建设以西安为中心城市的城市群的优势和现实性，陕西应以关中城市群的建设为突破点，推动全省产业布局调整和工业化、城市化进程。     

依托高新带深化带动西部大开发

依靠高新技术产业驱动区域经济发展是当今国内外落后地区实现跨越式发展的必由之路,也是深化带动西部大开发的内在要求。西部重点经济带具有较强的科技实力和较好的技术创新基础,已逐步形成了具有相当规模的陕西关中和成—绵—渝两条高新技术产业开发带,对推动西部高新技术产业和经济社会全面协调发展发挥了强大的辐射带动作用。提出应确立依托西部高新带深化带动西部大开发的新的发展战略。     

陕西区域经济发展新布局探源

陕西省"十一五"规划对陕西区域经济发展新布局做出简明概括——关中率先发展,陕北跨越发展,陕南突破发展。这种新布局经历了三个阶段的历史演化:一是20世纪80年代的重点发展关中,积极开发陕南、陕北;二是20世纪90年代的重点发展关中,加快开发陕南、陕北;三是21世纪初的这种新概括。其理论源流有五说,即要素禀赋说、机遇说、领头羊说、后发优势说和三元经济说。其实施之策有四,即扬长避短、扬长补短、点面兼顾与六大动力和而不同。     

Latent vs. Observed Variables: Analysis of Irrigation Water Efficiency Using SEM and SUR

In this paper we compare conceptualising single factor technical and allocative efficiency as indicators of a single latent variable, or as separate observed variables. In the former case, the impacts on both efficiency types are analysed by means of structural equation modeling (SEM), in the latter by seemingly unrelated regression (SUR). We compare estimation results of the two approaches based on a dataset on single factor irrigation water use efficiency obtained from a survey of 360 farmers in the Guanzhong Plain, China. The main methodological findings are that SEM allows identification of the most important dimension of irrigation water efficiency (technical efficiency) via comparison of their factor scores and reliability. Moreover, it reduces multicollinearity and attenuation bias. It thus is preferable to SUR. The SEM estimates show that perception of water scarcity is the most important positive determinant of both types of efficiency, followed by irrigation infrastructure, income and water price. Furthermore, there is a strong negative reverse effect from efficiency on perception.     

如何用遗传算法解决公路客运枢纽选址问题

文中首先分析了公路客运交通枢纽选址问题的研究思路.然后从客运枢纽为了达到方便客户、优化路网、减少投资等综合交通最优化的角度建立了教学模型,并给出了用遗传算法求解的程序流程图.最后通过某城市的客运枢纽规划实例,表明此理论型布局能够满足人们的出行需求,显示了该方法的科学性和可行性.     

基于KPCA-SVM的公路客运量预测研究

支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)是建立在统计学习理论和结构风险最小化准则基础上的机器学习方法,该方法可以较好的解决以往很多学习方法的小样本、高维数、非线性和局部最小点等实际问题.本文利用支持向量机(SVM)回归理论和方法,建立基于核函数主成分支持向量机(Kernel Principal Component Analysis-Support Vector Machine,KPCA-SVM)回归模型,并用2000-2008年杭州市公路客运量为样本进行了预测,结果表明,KPCA-SVM模型具有较高的预测精度和可靠性,是一种有效的公路客运量预测方法.     

区域经济一体化背景下的关中经济带建设

“十一五”时期是我国区域经济圈加速形成时期，也是我省关中经济带建设的关键时期。要大力振兴装备制造业．加快发展高新技术产业，实施名牌带动战略，加快构建以西安为中心的关中城市群。加强与长江三角洲经济区、环渤海经济圈和新亚欧大陆桥经济带的联系，促使关中经济带迅速崛起。     

Assessing the growth-inducing impact of the Appalachian Development Highway System in southern Ohio: Did policy promote change?

The concept of “inducing growth” is typically considered an adverse consequence of a project on the land use system. In certain instances, however, the desire to induce growth and foster land use change is a focus of land use policy. Such is the example of the Appalachian Highway Development System (AHDS) program initiated by the Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) during the late 1960s. With the goal of providing highway infrastructure to improve assess to a geographically isolated and historically impoverished region, the ADHS has added nearly 3000 miles of highway to the Appalachian landscape. The degree to which highway investment has contributed to regional growth remains a controversial point and tractable methods to quickly assess landscape change given a project of this magnitude are elusive. In this paper a portion of the AHDS trending through southern Ohio is examined using data acquired from the Landsat series of satellites. Beginning with a pre-highway condition in 1976, a 26 year time horizon, concluding in 2002, was analyzed based on a post-classification change detection methodology. Results of this investigation revealed slight, yet significant, levels of urban expansion within a 10 km corridor along the path of AHDS Corridor D/State Route 32. Beyond this buffer zone the land use system evidenced more stability, suggesting that as distance increased from Corridor D/State Route 32, reduced accessibility also reduced the attractiveness of land for urban uses. Relating these results back to the infrastructure investment policies of the ARC demonstrates that growth did result from the construction of Corridor D and supports previous findings that land development based on highway construction is extremely time-sensitive.     

人民币国际化与国际收支失衡的“怪圈”：理论与实证

随着人民币国际化进程的加快,我国国际收支失衡呈加剧之势．且对人民币国际化形成了一定的阻碍,从而形成了“人民币国际化——国际收支失衡”怪圈。出现这个怪圈的影响因素有多种,包括我国经济内外部失衡严重及外部平衡与人民币国际化战略不协调,出口导向发展战略及利用外资发展战略．人民币国际化程度低也是造成这个怪圈的原因。对此,优化国际收支结构;增强人民币国际可接受性,提高人民币国际化程度：改变出口导向战略和利用外资发展战略,增加进口,并鼓励企业用人民币加大对海外的投资,让企业真正“走出去”;通过建立人民币离岸中心,解决人民币回流问题。     

我国公路工程施工质量管理浅析

我国每年的公路工程投资巨大,公路工程投资的质量管理是一个非常棘手的问题.文章根据公路工程建设的特点,分析了当前我国公路工程建设质量管理的问题,提出了解决的思路.