以生产者为主的责任延伸制度新探——有感于《中华人民共和国循环经济法草案征求意见稿》

以《循环经济法草案征求意见稿》第17条规定的以生产者为主的责任延伸制度为基点,分析了以生产者为主的责任延伸制度的内涵、弊端及其实施的保障机制,指出以生产者为主的生产责任延伸制度的主体应包含政府,责任形式应增加行政责任和刑事责任,并对保障机制加以分类,具体阐述了生命周期评价制度、认证单制度、产品回收制度、监督制度、抵押制度等。     

An empirical investigation of director selection in movie preproduction: A two-sided matching approach

This paper examines how movie producers recruit directors in the preproduction phase as mutual choices in a two-sided matching model. It conceptualizes that movie attributes and filmmaker characteristics determine the matching outcomes (“who directed which movie”) and in turn indirectly affect movie box office. We exploit a dataset of 4,807 feature films from 1990 to 2010 to examine empirically the complementarities between the movie/producer side and the director side in terms of movie budget, filmmaker track records and social relations. A series of simulations suggest that social relations facilitate positive assortative matching. Further simulation analyses are conducted to quantify the financial implications of movie–director mismatches, as well as the indirect effects of production budget and producer characteristics. The simulation results show that: a) the financial implications of having a mismatched director can be substantial; and b) the indirect effect of production budget and producer characteristics affect movie box office in an interactive manner. These findings can help filmmakers to better understand the financial impacts of movie–director choices and make more informed decisions at the early phase of preproduction.     

Production Efficiency of Jasmine Rice Producers in Northern and North‐eastern Thailand

The paper jointly evaluates the determinants of switching to Jasmine rice and its productivity while allowing for production inefficiency at the level of individual producers. Model diagnostics reveal that serious selection bias exists, justifying use of a sample selection framework in stochastic frontier models. Results from the probit variety selection equation reveal that gross return (mainly powered by significantly higher Jasmine rice price), access to irrigation and education are the important determinants of choosing Jasmine rice. Results from the stochastic production frontier reveal that land, irrigation and fertilisers are the significant determinants of Jasmine rice productivity. Significantly lower productivity in Phitsanulok and Tung Gula Rong Hai provinces demonstrate the influence of biophysical and environmental factors on productivity performance. The mean level of technical efficiency is estimated at 0.63 suggesting that 59% [(100 ? 63)/63] of the productivity is lost due to technical inefficiency. Policy implications include measures to keep Jasmine rice price high, increase access to irrigation and fertiliser availability, as well as investment in education targeted to farm households which will synergistically increase adoption of Jasmine rice as well as farm productivity.     

论我国食品生产经营者的道德底线与法律底线

食品安全问题关乎人们的生命与健康,是一个重大的民生问题。近年来,我国在食品安全法律制度建设与立法方面虽有改观,但食品安全事故仍频发,这主要是由于少数食品生产经营者无视道德底线和法律底线造成的。分析导致食品生产经营者突破道德底线与法律底线的原因,确保他们不逾越道德底线和法律底线,是党和政府必须直视和解决的紧要问题。     

U.S. Crop Farmers' Use of Market Advisory Services

Abstract

This study reports that Market Advisory Services (MAS) are used by about 82% of commercial U.S. crop producers, based on the results of a recent survey. Only 43% of MAS users rely on a single service, while the other 57% subscribe to multiple services. MAS users' profiles in terms of their (1) demographic characteristics, (2) risk attitude, and (3) marketing behavior are presented. The results indicate that MAS users can be differentiated based on their location and use of computers, though not on age and farm size. MAS users are shown to be significantly more risk seeking than non-users. Furthermore, MAS users apply significantly more forward-pricing techniques, but are no different from non-users in terms of marketing frequency.     

Geographical cluster and performance: The case of Iberian ham

This research examined whether firms that concentrate geographically perform better or worse than their more dispersed counterparts. While belonging to a cluster may have positive externalities for proximate firms, there can also be congestion economies that counterbalance these advantages. Having identified existing ham-producing establishments in the Iberian ham cluster, a sample of 265 firms was selected and it was confirmed that as the number of neighbouring firms increases performance increases. Also, the proximity to larger firms in the same province benefit smaller firms. This positive effect that geographical concentration has on performance is explained by access to valuable natural resources, workers, higher demand, knowledge spillovers, and lower transaction costs, which may help managers and policy-makers in their investment decisions, as well as contributing to the dearth of existing research and its contradictory nature.     

FAIR TRADE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

This paper examines how the expansion of mainstreaming of Fair Trade over the last decade and the increasing corporate attention to social responsibility during the same period is resulting in Fair Trade evolving as a form of corporate social responsibility. We further examine the challenges this poses for the Fair Trade movement.     

农产品物流的发展对农业产业化的促进机制研究

系统、高效、完善的农产品物流体系是我国实现农业现代化的前提和重要保障。通过发展现代农产品物流业,减少流通环节,推动产业集群化,提高农产品竞争力,增加农民收入,是农业产业化的必然选择。文章在分析中国农产品物流和中国农业产业化现状的基础上,研究了农产品物流对实现农业产业化的促进机制。     

海外内幕交易主体的规则和司法判例研究及借鉴

文章分析了美国《证券交易法》规则10b5—2的合理性和缺陷，同时参照美国、台湾和日本的证券立法实践，对我国《证券法》中有关内幕交易主体的规定存在的缺陷提出了修改和完善的建议。我国《证券法》应将家庭成员、发行人和外部信息制造者纳入内幕交易的主体范围，这对于正确理解和完善内幕交易的法律规则将起到积极作用。