代际可持续发展:基于艾奇沃斯方框图的分析

文章从可持续发展的内涵与条件入手,借助于微观经济学的艾奇沃思方框图,分析了人类社会代际可持续发展资源配置的两种情形:无效的帕累托最优和有效的帕累托最优。得出了可持续发展是经济增长可持续、社会发展可持续、生态环境可持续和人力资源可持续的统一,代际可持续发展是人力资源可持续性与科学技术可持续性统一的基本结论。     

Efficiency of the office properties market

This paper reports the results of an efficient markets test of the Dallas-Fort Worth office properties market. ARIMA models using a comprehensive data set did not produce superior forecasts. The results provide further evidence of the efficiency of real estate markets.     

沃斯对现代服装业的启示

沃斯(Charles Frederick Worth)作为高级女装的创始人,把高级女装理想化、制度化,使其更适合男性的审美观、艺术观、价值观。沃斯的成功不仅仅是因为他在设计上的天分,更重要的是他清楚地认识并顺应了他生活的那个年代。沃斯对时装业的影响不仅在于开创了高级时装,更可贵的是他伟大的想象力和独特的设计理念,这些都为后世产生了深远影响。他的创新精神在今天仍有其借鉴意义。     

Salesforce entertainment activities

Sales managers need guidelines for controlling the entertainment costs incurred by their sales personnel. Because of the difficulty in measuring the payoff associated with particular entertainment costs, the decision of whether to spend or not to spend is, of necessity, somewhat subjective. One guide is to compare entertainment activities among different salesforces. A survey of over 1300 salespeople employed in a wide variety of jobs in a large number of industries revealed the extent of entertainment efforts in five areas: taking clients out for lunch, for an evening meal, for a drink, for leisure activities, and parties for clients.     

企业净资产效应，信贷约束和过度放贷

本文将隐藏类型和隐藏行动结合在同一模型框架中,研究了不完全信贷市场中企业净资产效应的内在作用机制,解释了中小企业信贷约束和对大中企业过度放贷会同时出现的市场内生困境。本文强调中小企业面临的“不公平”融资条件并不意味着政府支持和补贴中小企业贷款一定可以提高信贷配置效率。虽然补贴可以减轻部分高能力中小企业的信贷约束,但同时也容易加重对低能力中小企业的过度放贷。适当的贷款利率下限管制则可以在一定程度上限制大中企业的过度借贷并改善信贷配置效率。     

MAXIMIZING THE HUMAN CAPITAL EQUATION IN LOGISTICS: EDUCATION,EXPERIENCE, AND SKILLS

Hiring and retaining the best employees ‐ human capital ‐ is a challenge. This recent study addressed the long‐standing problem of finding sufficient numbers of quality logistics managers to fill logistics jobs. The research examined how education, experience, and job skills influence performance of these managers, and how performance in turn influences the worth of the manager to the firm. As hypothesized, job skills were found to be good predictors of both logistics manager performance and worth. However, neither experience nor education was found to significantly affect performance. Managerial implications are also provided.     

Tax Evasion, Risky Laundering, and Optimal Deterrence Policy

This paper extends the Allingham and Sandmo's (1972) model of income tax evasion to take account of laundering opportunities, allowing the taxpayer to determine not only the amount of actual income to declare but also the amount of undeclared income to launder. Laundering, aside of entailing direct costs, is assumed to be an unlawful activity, subject to the risk of detection and punishment. The tax authorities devote separate resource efforts to initial audits which may detect undeclared income that has not been laundered and to in-depth investigation which may detect undeclared income that has been laundered. The paper analyzes the effects of laundering incentives on evasion and derives guidelines for the optimal design of a joint evasion/laundering deterrence policy. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Remedying "Unfair Acts": U.S. Pay Equity by Race and Gender

Case studies in Canada, Australia, and the U.S. have found that pay equity (or comparable worth) has reduced the gender-based wage gap substantially, and results of research on the gender composition of jobs have been used guiding pay equity implementation. But, in general, the racial composition jobs remains overlooked in the literature and in public policy. We extend previous work on eliminating the wage penalty of employment in female-dominated occupations to estimating the potential effect of adopting comparable worth to alleviate race- as well as gender-based wage discrimination. First we report the negative impact of racial-ethnic and female composition of jobs on pay in the U.S. Correcting for this form of wage discrimination, we find that implementing comparable worth would appreciably narrow the race- and gender-based wage gaps and significantly reduce the percent of workers earning poverty-level wages, especially among women of color. Close to 50 percent of women of color and 40 percent of white women currently earning less than the federal poverty threshold for a family of three would be lifted out of poverty. Second, we show that, in addition to the effects of occupational concentration, being a woman, an African-American, or a worker of Hispanic origin negatively and significantly affects pay. Not every type of wage discrimination is alleviated by a pay equity policy, which is why activists have also supported anti-discrimination and affirmative action policies for women and people of color.     

私人银行：现代商业银行的战略核心业务

私人银行是指以财富管理为核心,面向高净资产客户所提供的顶级专业化的一揽子金融服务,其已成为当今国际知名商业银行的战略核心业务。以家庭办公室为主要组织形式,向富裕人士提供高品质金融服务,是私人银行的重要特征。随着市场经济的快速发展,中国已经形成了一支在社会经济中越来越具有影响力的高收入群体,但由于缺失真正的私人银行服务,该群体日益增长的财富管理需求难以得到有效满足。金融全面开放后,私人银行在国内具有广阔的发展空间。     

La gouvernance des organisations de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire à l’épreuve dynamique de leurs « Grandeurs »

THE DYNAMICS OF PLURAL ‘WORTH’ AS A CHALLENGE TO THE GOVERNANCE OF SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY‐BASED ECONOMY ORGANIZATIONS This article resorts to Boltanski and Thevenot's Economies of Worth model (1987, 1991) to examine from a theoretical stance the various institutional logics competing in social and solidarity‐based economy organizations (SSEOs). The originality of our approach does not lie so much in the identification of the main conventions shaping the governance of SSEOs, but rather in the analysis of the conflicts and achievable compromises among each of these polities. Our contribution is threefold. We first show that the competition among several conventions generates organizational conflicts that are difficult to solve. We then reveal that achieving an (ephemeral) compromise entails a risk of excluding a ‘polity’, which may in turn weaken the governance of SSEOs. We finally sketch out some perspectives allowing to mitigate this risk. In particular, we outline organizational strategies likely to frame the governance of SSEOs without impairing their identities and plural forms of ‘worth’.