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1.
Teruyoshi Kobayashi 《Applied economics》2013,45(18):2119-2125
This study investigates the role of hybrid inflation-price-level targets as a solution to the well-known stabilization bias problem that arises under discretionary policies. The analysis shows that social welfare will be improved by employing a weighted average of inflation and price level as one of the central bank's target variables in addition to the output gap growth target. The reason is that imposing the optimal hybrid target will reduce inflation variability in a highly efficient way. In particular, the optimal hybrid regime outperforms other previously suggested regimes when the degree of inflation persistence is moderate. 相似文献
2.
This study examines the factors that influence households to adopt modifications recommended by home energy audits and whether these audits lead to significant reductions in electricity use. Household decisions after the audits are recorded along with the corresponding recommended modifications and the offers for co-funding. A discrete choice model of the household decision after the audit is estimated. The results indicate that the potential improvement in heating efficiency from the proposed modifications increase the probability of implementing conservation measures. Co-funding offers also significantly raise the odds of accepting the modifications but are relatively less important than anticipated efficiency improvements. Several approaches are used to determine whether and how much energy is saved after the audits. Electricity demand models are estimated using data two years before and after each household audit. For households who decide to modify their houses after the audit, monthly average electricity use per square foot decreases 7%. While there is an estimated 2% reduction in electricity use attributed to the audit by households who decided not to adopt the proposed modifications, this reduction is not statistically significant, casting doubt on the presence of modifications in behavior from the audit information itself. For all households audited, the results from the electricity demand models suggest that the LVE home energy audit program reduced household electricity use 4.7%. In contrast, a differences-in-differences approach using synthetic control groups based upon a smaller but still sizeable sample of 2000 observations finds that home energy audits reduce household electricity use by more than 10%. Overall, these findings suggest that home audits result in modest but significant reductions in energy use and that co-funding encourages investments that otherwise may not be privately optimal. 相似文献
3.
电力需求分析与实证研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
目前中国电力供应长期处于紧张状态,需求大于供给的矛盾将长期存在,需求预测管理将有助于缓解供需矛盾。分析影响电力需求的主要经济因素,建立计量经济模型,对分析和预测电力需求的增长具有现实的意义。 相似文献
4.
黄珺仪 《浙江工商职业技术学院学报》2011,10(1):34-39
可再生能源发电具有的正外部性等特点,需要政府相关机构对其进行价格管制,以保证和促进可再生能源电力的发展。目前主要的管制方法有固定电价政策、竞价上网政策以及可交易的绿色证书政策等。本文从理论的角度对绿色证书政策进行研究,分析了可再生能源发电市场和绿色证书市场的本质和价格的决定问题,阐述了绿色证书政策对资源配置的促进作用以及对绿色证书政策的制约和影响因素。 相似文献
5.
利用2001~2006年我国除西藏以外的30个省市的数据,通过面板单位根及协整检验,考察了电力消费与我国经济增长之间的关系。结果表明,电力消费对我国经济增长具有显著的促进作用,但在不同区域以及不同年份,其促进作用存在一定的差异,其中,东部省市电力消费对经济增长的促进作用明显大于中、西部地区;这一期间,电力消费对我国经济增长的促进作用是逐年增强的。 相似文献
6.
本文首先论述了电力消耗与经济发展过程的一般规律、电力消费弹性系数的演变规律和我国电力消费弹性系数的演变过程,然后分析了我国工业化过程与电力消费弹性系数演变过程的相关性,最后概括了主要结论并且提出了两个需要思考的问题。研究发现,由于我国正处于重工业化时期,电力消费弹性系数明显地大于1,而且第二产业耗费电力能源的比例持续上升。 相似文献
7.
方益树 《铜陵财经专科学校学报》2013,(5):110-112
该设计采用风光互补发电、直流系统供电、LED路灯照明和单片机组成的光控时空自动控制系统,实现局部范围的风光互补自动供电照明,节约了电能,实现了绿色供电绿色照明。 相似文献
8.
9.
A deflagration occurred inside a 200-gal (0.757 m3) atmospheric mixing vessel during the course of apparently normal operations. The vessel had previously been used to dilute 70% aqueous tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) with deionized water. Ten minutes earlier the mixed batch had been transferred out and the vessel had been given a brief rinse with deionized water about 4 minutes after the transfer. The deflagration occurred soon after starting the second of two deionized water rinses. Although the hinged vessel lid was forced open and damaged there were no injuries or chemical exposures since no personnel were in the area at the time. The incident was caused by a faulty metering system that overcharged sodium hypochlorite (bleach) solution to the deionized water supply. The roughly 100-fold overcharge of bleach resulted in a vigorous, gassy reaction with t-BHP in the mixing vessel. The reaction generated a gas-phase mixture comprising mostly acetone plus about 90% oxygen. The ignition energy of a replicated mixture was 0.015 mJ, similar to that of optimum hydrogen-air, but with poor upward mixing of acetone the ignition energy could have been as small as 2 μJ. The source of ignition could not be identified with certainty; the “least improbable” scenario was considered to be a spark from an electrically charged slug of rinse water falling through an electrically charged mist that had formed during the gassy reaction. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog: e12054 2019 相似文献
10.
从OECD国家发展历程看我国2020年能源电力消费 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
详细分析了OECD 10个主要国家在工业化进程中的能源和电力消费趋势。分析结果表明：在工业化和现代化的进程中,电力消费的增长速度始终快于一次能源消费;后发工业化国家的能源和电力消费增速远快于先行工业化国家,各国电力消费比重都在不断攀升。因此,在21世纪中叶我国全面实现工业化、基本实现现代化之前,无论是能源电力消费的总量还是人均指标,我国的一次能源和电力消费都将伴随着工业化进程继续快速增长,而目前我国接近发达国家的电力消费比重还将继续上升。情景分析表明,2020年,我国人均能源消费将达3.18～4.95tce,能源消费总量将达44.2亿～68.8亿tce;人均用电量增至5240～8090kW·h,全社会用电量达到7.3万亿～11.2万亿kW·h,需要15.8亿～24.4亿kW发电装机容量,人均装机约1.137～1.755kW。 相似文献