Automobile risk perceptions and insurance-purchasing decisions in Japan and the United States

Cross-cultural differences of risk perceptions and insurance-purchasing decisions in Japan and the United States were examined by looking at one common risk, automobile accidents. In-depth interviews with 42 Japanese subjects were conducted in the city of Kasukabe, Japan, in June and July 1997. Their responses were compared with those of 74 US subjects from Western Pennsylvania (Austin, 1996). Systematic differences were observed in reasons given for having automobile insurance, judged probabilities of accidents, and judged probabilities of being at fault. These differences are examined in terms of cultural, driving, and market factors.     

Why Ants Do but Honeybees Do Not Construct Satellite Nests

Synopsis: Ants and honeybees are both social insects that share many characteristics in common. But there is a fundamental difference between ants and bees. Ants can and do construct main nests with satellite nests, whereas bees construct only a main nest with no satellite nests. In this paper we explain the difference between the socio-economic organization of ants and bees: ants can identify nest-mates from satellite nests because ants leave odor trails connecting main nests to satellite nests so that fellow nest-mate from satellite nests smell the same. Bees, on the other hand, cannot leave odor trails in the air, and hence are unable to identify bees from another nest; bees from another nest with different pheromone smells are stung to death by guard bees in the main nest. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

抗菌防臭腈纶的研制

采用自制的抗菌防臭添加剂，通过纺前在线注入方式，使抗菌防臭添加剂与腈纶纺丝原液在纺前实现充分混合。试验结果表明，抗菌防臭添加剂的加入对纺丝过程无不利影响。抗菌性能测试表明：由在小试和中试纺丝试验基础上进行的工业化生产所得到的抗菌防臭腈纶及其混纺织物的抗菌性能非常优良，具有广谱抗菌性能，不仅对革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌有良好的抗菌作用，而且对真菌也有较好的抑制作用。     

气味扫描仪在食品质量检测中的应用

气味扫描仪作为一种模拟人的鼻子的气体传感器,是食品行业中一种新型的无损检测方法。同时,作为一种强大的分析工具,气味扫描仪具有成本低、分析速度快、结果准确等优点,能够有效监测食品加工和检测最终产品质量,与传统的检测方法相比,其在食品质量评估方面显示了巨大的前景和实用性。本文介绍了气味扫描仪的工作原理、结构组成及在食品质量检测中应用,以期为气味扫描仪在食品行业中应用提供参考。     

异味检测及控制管理

近年来,群众对环境保护的诉求日益强烈,国家对环境保护的重视程度也越来越高。社会群众对企业异味排放情况是否满意已成为企业发展要考虑的一大问题。论文主要介绍了石化公司现有的对异味检测的方法,并对厂区环境控制提出了管理建议。     

炼油企业恶臭污染状况及防治

从恶臭污染的特点、来源及分布情况着手，详细介绍了炼油企业原油加工过程的恶臭污染特点，对炼油企业原油加工过程的恶臭污染源进行了分析，并从加强管理、加大监测力度、改进生产工艺等方面提出了相应的治理建议。     

隔油池垃圾处理技术的现状、存在的问题与技术发展方向

对隔油池垃圾前处理技术与后处理技术进行了臻合分析,对两种技术存在的问题进行了讨论．并预测了大规模的后处理技术与零能耗、无污染隔油池垃圾处理系统的结合将是未来的主导技术。     

Consumer reactions to olfactory congruence with brand image

Store managers tend to select odors based upon their pleasing nature without taking into account the notion of congruence between the odor and the brand image. Studies have explored the effects of odors, but little attention has been paid to olfactory congruence, and even less to olfactory congruence with the brand image. This study investigates the impact of olfactory congruence with the brand image upon consumers. The results show the positive effect of olfactory congruence upon spending, attitude, pleasure, arousal, and perception of the store atmosphere. In the strong olfactory congruence condition being tested, these reactions are more positive than in the weak congruence and control conditions.     

石家庄市环境空气中VOCs及恶臭污染特征研究

采用SUMMA罐采样-空气预浓缩-GC/MS,对石家庄市东北工业区10个环境受体点位30个样品中VOCs及恶臭污染物进行定性定量分析。结果显示,石家庄市VOCs及恶臭污染物检出物质的总质量浓度为639.8～1 403.8μg/m3,全市平均总质量浓度为1 019.2μg/m3。各点位硫化物含量最低,质量分数低于1.0%;卤代烃和芳香烃所占比例分别达到29.0%(质量分数)和21.3%(质量分数);烷烃和烯烃含量分别为17.8%(质量分数)和15.9%(质量分数)。将石家庄市各类VOCs平均浓度与国内外其他城市作比较,石家庄市的环境空气中VOCs的浓度处于较高的水平。根据石家庄市受体成分谱图显示,乙酸丁酯是成分谱图中含量最高的组分,所占比例为9.5%(质量分数),甲苯次之,含量为9.4%(质量分数),显示出乙酸丁酯和甲苯污染源对于石家庄市受体的重要影响。烷烯烃类中,C3—C5低碳数组分相对含量较高;在卤代烃的化合物中,二氯甲烷是含量最高的组分,所占比例为5.0%(质量分数)。     

驳气味商标不宜保护论

作为非传统新型商标，气味商标具有非可视化、有特殊味道和容易变化等特征。中国《商标法》应当保护气味商标，气味商标的法律保护空白不应当继续出现。中国新修版《商标法》对气味商标保持怀疑的观望态度，美国和欧盟都存在气味商标合法注册的成功案例。中国国内有学者针对现实状况提出气味商标不宜保护论，然而这种论断显然是不合理的，气味商标的保护已有良策。应紧跟时代的步伐，扩大《商标法》的保护范围。