煤炭行业的发展及其润滑油市场的开发

通过对国内煤炭行业基本状况、未来发展趋势和润滑油脂应用现状的分析,就如何运用现代营销手段与服务方式来开发维护煤炭行业这一巨大润滑油市场进行了讨论,认为润滑油行业应帮助煤炭行业建立完善的润滑管理体系,并与煤炭行业强技术领域合作,共同开发新产品及推进用油国产化。下游产品开发是煤炭行业今后重要的利润增长点,近期发展迅速,润滑油行业应密切关注其相关产业链设备的引进情况,及时提供所需润滑油品。     

How effective is a fat subsidy? Evidence from edible oil consumption in India

Taxes on fats and sugar-sweetened beverages are deployed in the developed world to encourage healthier diets. How effective might such fiscal instruments be in emerging economies? We evaluate the impacts of a subsidy for palm oil, introduced as part of the public distribution system in three Indian states. Using variants of the difference-in-differences approach, we find that palm oil consumption increased, particularly in rural areas, as a result of the subsidy, and traditional oils were displaced by cheaper palm oil. However, the intervention did not significantly alter overall edible oil consumption. These results are robust to different specifications, alternative estimation samples, and the exclusion of households who may have been potential beneficiaries of other interventions. Impacts were higher in Tamil Nadu than in other states, and were higher for vegetarian households in rural areas. There was only weak evidence of spillover income effects on other food groups. Given India's dual burden of malnutrition, our analysis suggests that fiscal policy interventions have the potential to effectively nudge consumer choices towards healthier edible oil consumption.     

The Oilseed Market in Turkey

Abstract

Owing to the suitable natural resource endowments, twelve different oilrelated plants are grown in Turkey making it the largest producer in cottonseed, sunflower seed, cottonseed oil, and margarine in the Mediterranean Basin. However, Turkey has also been a net importer in both oilseeds and crude oils. It is the second largest importer in sunflower seed, sunflower oil, palm oil, corn oil, and third in soybean oil in the region. Using multicommodity partial equilibrium simulation model, this paper analyzes the future consumption and trade patterns in the Turkish oilseed market. The model suggests that the deficiencies in major meals and oils will likely to persist if the present policies are sustained. If the tariff rates are lowered to 0% for sunflower seed and to 12% for sunflower oil, the total vegetable oil disappearance as well as the imports of sunflower oil, sunflower meal, and palm oil will continue to grow.     

浅析脂肪酸在食用植物油中的作用及控制

本文试从植物油的性质谈起,分析食用植物油脂肪酸组成不合格的原因,帮助消费者对植物油多一点了解以便更科学的选购。     

油脂定性试验菜籽油中棉籽油检出测量不确定度评定的探讨

探讨油脂定性试验——菜籽油中棉籽油检出测量不确定度的评定。用已知棉籽油含量的菜籽油进行检测分析测量过程的不确定度分量,合成相对不确定度(Uc)=18.21%。选择与被测样色泽接近的油脂加标对照,可以有效提高测定准确性。     

Volatility in Oilseeds and Vegetable Oils Markets: Drivers and Spillovers

Food price volatility has re‐emerged as an important topic of political discussion since the food price crisis of 2007–2008. Different volatility drivers have been identified for different markets in the theoretical and empirical literature. However, there is no comprehensive analysis that considers a large number of potential drivers and investigates their joint effects in a dynamic model of interrelated markets. Our study provides such a volatility analysis for the oilseeds and vegetable oils markets. We use a common GARCH approach and a VAR model to identify volatility drivers and spillover effects. Our results show that exchange rate volatility is very important. However, the hotly debated financialisation of commodity markets is not found to be volatility increasing in our monthly data. Impulse response functions show strong spillover effects. Because many volatility drivers found to be important in other markets have no significant effect in our study, our results suggest that volatility drivers are market specific. This implies that any volatility‐reducing policies need to be designed for the market in question.     

野生黑水缬草和北缬草根精油的分析

阐述了提取野生黑水缬草和北缬草根精油的方法,同时对其精油中所含的化合物进行了分析。     

河北紫花苜蓿挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取河北产9月份收割的紫花苜蓿干燥全草中的挥发油成分,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对其进行分析。利用GC-MS分离出152种成分,并鉴定了其中43种化合物,占挥发性物质的73.3%(质量分数,下同),其中最多的是酸类化合物,占40.17%。该紫花苜蓿挥发油主要成分是十六烷酸(32.1%)、六氢金合欢基丙酮(8.83%)、植物醇(4.51%),还有5,6,7,7-α-四氢-4,4,7-α-三甲基-2-(4 H)苯基呋喃(3.21%)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁基酯(2.94%)。通过与其他产地、不同收割期、不同处理方式的苜蓿挥发油成分进行比较,发现产地、收割期、处理方式不同的紫花苜蓿中挥发油成分差别显著,为进一步研究和利用苜蓿资源等提供借鉴作用。     

五加皮挥发油的气相色谱-质谱联用分析

目的分析五加皮挥发油的化学成分.方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取五加皮的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱法分析鉴定挥发油中的化学成分,并用面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量.结果从五加皮中共分离得到29个成分,经计算机谱库检索鉴定了25个化合物,占挥发油总量的99.56%.五加皮挥发油中含量较高的成分是柏木脑（41.53%）、软脂酸甲酯（20.31%）、β-雪松烯（10.93%）、亚油酸甲酯（9.17%）.结论本实验为该药材的综合利用和开发提供了一定科学依据.     

油脂中脂肪酸的分析测定

采用毛细管气相色谱法测定了几种油脂的脂肪酸含量。对测定条件进行了选择,色谱柱为SE-30弹性石英毛细管柱(25m×0.22mm×0.2μm),柱温为190℃,载气流速为1mL/min,分流比为1∶100。对棉籽油、花生油、大豆油、小米乳芽油、猪油中所含脂肪酸进行了分析,结果表明,所测油脂中不饱和脂肪酸的含量普遍高于饱和脂肪酸,其中大豆油中亚油酸的质量分数(下同)最高,达60.02%；植物油中不饱和脂肪酸的含量高于猪油,其中小米乳芽油的最高,达84.33%,而猪油只有50.43%。