Social Comparisons in Ultimatum Bargaining

Experiments are used to examine the effects of social comparisons in ultimatum bargaining. We inform responders about the average offer before they decide whether to accept or reject their specific offer. This significantly increases offers and offer‐specific rejection probabilities. For comparison, we consider another change in informational conditions: telling responders the total pie is $30—ex ante it was either $15 or $30—affects offers and rejection probabilities roughly as much. Our results are consistent with people’s dislike for deviations from the norm of equity but inconsistent with fairness theories, where people dislike income disparity between themselves and their referents.     

Marriage Settlements

French couples may choose between two types of marriage settlements governing asset ownership after a divorce or inheritance: common property or separate property. A cooperative model considers the marriage contract as a means of providing for widowhood of the less endowed spouse. A second model addresses the probability of divorce and the production of a marriage good. The common property contract then becomes a means of inducing the wife to invest in the marriage good. Choice of contract, labor supply and fertility are simultaneous. Empirically we find that characteristics of the spouses such as relative age or differences in endowments influence the choice. So do the expected number of children and the wife's labor supply decision. This last decision is also shown to be influenced by the chosen settlement, while fertility is not.
JEL classification : J 12; J 4; K 12     

Average Monotonic Cooperative Games

A subclass of monotonic transferable utility (T.U.) games is studied: average monotonic games. These games are totally balanced. We prove that the core coincides with both the bargaining set à la Davis and Maschler and the bargaining set à la Mas-Colell. To obtain this result a technique based on reduced games is used. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Number: C71     

Information Disclosure to Employees and Rational Expectations: a Game-Theoretical Perspective: a Comment

In this comment we identify the key features of the Frantz and Walker (1997) game theoretic model that drive the non-disclosure equilibrium result in their paper. We argue that, although technically correct, their model fails to capture certain aspects of real-world wage bargaining that will be important in determining optimal disclosure strategies in practice. However, Frantz and Walker's paper illustrates the potential of analytical techniques to contribute to the employee disclosure debate.     

安徽省城市用地扩展研究——以六安市为例

以六安市为例,利用相关城市统计资料、相关城市图件,对撤地设市十年来六安城区土地扩展情况进行研究,并分析其驱动力因素。得出撤地设市以来六安市城市扩展速度明显增加,尤其2008—2010年扩展量占十年来总扩展量的34．07％,且年均增加4．88kmu;城市扩展动态度和城市用地效率也呈现明显的上：升趋势。城市扩展及其方向受到了社会经济条件、人口、交通、政策等因素的影响。     

提升我国文化软实力：价值、条件与路径

文化软实力已经成为综合国力的重要组成部分,文化竞争也已经成为国际竞争的战略制高点。提升我国文化软实力的重要价值在于文化软实力越来越深刻地影响着我国在国际上的地位和形象;越来越深刻地改变着我国经济发展的结构和格局;越来越深刻地彰显着我国广大人民的精神世界。我国经济实力的快速增强、文化需求的快速增长、科学技术的突飞猛进为提升我国文化软实力提供了良好的条件。提升我国文化软实力,必须加强社会主义核心价值体系建设,增强我国文化的凝聚力;继承中华民族优秀传统文化,提高我国文化的吸引力;振兴文化产业,增强我国文化的竞争力。     

An empirical test of the Balassa-Samuelson hypothesis: Evidence from eight middle-income countries in Africa

The paper tests the validity of the Balassa-Samuelson hypothesis (BSH) using the within-effects and the dynamic panel generalised methods of moment (GMM) techniques for a panel of eight middle-income African countries over the period 1960–2009. We selected these countries because they exhibited a mixture of relative productivity growth and real exchange rate misalignment that fits the characterization of the BSH well. The results strongly support the BSH for this group of countries. The results are valid even after we controlled for potentially omitted variables and endogeneity. The implication is that as these countries become more productive, their currencies appreciate in real terms.     

谈选煤厂供配电系统的节能降耗

选煤厂供配电系统的节能降耗,要减少线路损耗,提高供配电系统的功率因数,异步电动机无功补偿,变压器节能,低压配电系统的优化,加强供配电系统管理、促进节能降耗。     

供电企业财务预算管理初探

随着我国电力企业改革的不断深入,如何建立起与企业实际情况及市场经济相适应的全面预算管理模式,受到了企业组织者及财务管理者的极大重视。文章首先分析企业财务预算管理的内涵,随后对电力企业财务预算管理现状进行探讨,最后提出了几点具体策略。