西部地区传统产业集群整合途径研究——以成都市家具产业集群为例

产业集群对西部地区缩小区域差距,进行技术创新,提高区域竞争力等方面具有重要意义。本文通过对产业集群理论的基本论述,以成都市家具产业集群为例,寻求西部地区传统产业集群整合途径。     

产业集群知识创新的重要观点

知识创新在促进经济发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用,产业集群是经济发展的重要载体,本文梳理了近年来国外学者关于产业集群知识创新研究的重要领域和观点,以期为促进国内经济发展提供研究支撑。本文首先从产业集群重点关注的外部性之一知识溢出入手,围绕本地嗡鸣和全球通道观点介绍国外学者的相关分析和思考;然后进一步将知识本身打开,列举不同的知识类型;接下来围绕知识的传递特性,介绍知识的网络结构;最后对知识的动态演变、创新过程、临近维度等其他重点领域相关内容和观点进行梳理。     

Knowlege networks for innovation in small Scottish software firms

This paper examines the emergence of small indigenous software companies in Scotland, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of the region's socio-economic infrastructure as a foundation for innovative new business ventures. Following a brief review of some of the accepted wisdom on high-tech start-ups and regional economic development the paper provides some background information on the Scottish region, comparing new firms in the software industry with the foreign multinationals that dominate the local IT industry. A framework - the ‘sociotechnical constituencies’ approach - is then proposed that allows the author to examine networks of specialist knowledge that underlie new business development. Agglomeration effects and the influence of ‘clusters’ of complementary types of knowledge, expertise and innovative competencies at the regional level are at the heart of the analysis. The framework is applied to a sample of local firms, looking at how ‘learning’ via sociotechnical networks underlies their evolution. Policy-makers' attempts to boost the region's new business birth rate and promote the hoped-for ‘silicon glen’ effect are viewed in the light of the study's findings.     

我国传统产业集群发展战略探讨——庞村家具产业集群案例分析

本文系统调查了庞村家具产业的发展历史和现状,基于调查资料对庞村家具产业进行了竞争力分析和SWOT分析,最后对产业集群的发展战略进行了探讨。     

How does a cluster relocate across the border? The case of information technology cluster in the Taiwan-Suzhou region

Since the end of the Cold War, cross-border regions have proliferated at the borders of formal socialist countries, especially in China. Existing accounts of these emergences treat them either at the macro-level, focusing on political initiatives, or at the micro-level, with emphasis on social and economic relations. This paper uses the Taiwan-Suzhou cross-border region as a case study for suggesting a meso-level approach, arguing that as a result of continuous interactions between individual Taiwanese information technology firms and opportunity structures generated by the selective opening of the Chinese border, the formation of cross-border high-tech regions is shaped and determined at the level of the industrial system. The industrial system acts as a platform for coordination and cooperation between local elites and foreign investors and among individual firms within this system. The formation of the cross-border high-tech region thus involves the relocation and institutional re-embedding of industrial systems across the border, which has been accompanied by the systemic building of Taiwanese firms on the one hand, and the institutional innovation of Chinese local states on the other.     

基于新兴古典经济学、交易成本经济学的产业集群演进机理探析

新兴古典经济学认为,在专业化经济和交易成本之间总是存在着非常复杂的两难冲突,交易效率的改进将会扩大分工经济与交易成本折衷的范围,从而提高生产者的专业化生产程度。交易成本经济学认为,不确定性、交易频率和资产专用性决定了经济活动主体的治理结构安排,随着三个变量水平的变化,其治理结构由于节约交易成本的原因,将经历市场、企业、网络组织的三种形态变化。文章运用新兴古典经济学与交易成本经济学思想,考察了劳动分工、交易效率与产业集群演进的互动关系,认为产业集群的形成与发展是一个劳动分工深化、交易效率提高(交易成本降低)的过程。在此基础上,文章对杨小凯的基于专业化经济的劳动分工模型进行了拓展和深化,以便对产业集群的演进机制进行深入分析,并通过模型分析支持了本文的观点。因此,产业集群的形成与发展有其自身的内在规律。当前,政府更为紧迫的任务是要注重产业集群软环境的建设,以此降低交易费用,促进产业集群的持续、健康发展。     

全球价值链视角下的产业集群创新成长战略——以柳州汽车产业集群为例

本文通过集群创新相关概念的澄清,结合对柳州汽车产业集群创新实例的分析,指出地方产业集群的创新瓶颈;提出了制定以增强自主创新能力为目的的产业集群发展政策,以及加大基础研究资助力度等建议。     

虚拟创新集群形成路径与动力机制研究

随着科学技术加速发展以及科技创新竞争日趋激烈,虚拟创新集群已成为创新的一个重要途径。首先,从集群认知、主体互动及合作行为3个视角分析了虚拟创新集群形成路径,界定了虚拟创新集群成型状态特征;其次,从内在驱动力、外部推动力、集成内力3方面分析了虚拟创新集群形成的动力机制。在此基础上,构建了动力因素对虚拟创新集群的影响模型。实证研究发现政府推动、成员质量、成员关系以及创新精神4个因素在集群形成过程中发挥重要作用。     

产业生态理论视角下湖北省科技服务业发展政策支持体系研究

科技服务业是现代服务业的重要组成部分,是区域科技创新体系的重要支撑。科技服务业的发展对产业结构升级与区域创新能力提升具有重要推动作用。从产业生态理论视角,探讨科技服务业发展生态系统,阐述湖北省科技服务业发展概况及生态环境,在此基础上构建湖北省科技服务业政策支持体系框架,并提出政策取向。     

基于技术体制视角的高科技产业集群演变——以台湾中小企业为例

在对产业集群的分类和演变模式进行总结的基础之上,从技术体制视角,对台湾中小企业的案例进行了分析。研究证实:在全球化高科技产业竞争中,台湾产业集群竞争优势获得的关键要素是——内部和外部知识链的协同演进。按照传统模式运营的企业,需要通过产业集群内的企业互联和加入全球生产网络的方式,并融入更广阔的全球化渠道以重组知识链。