欠发达地区农村金融支农的制约因素与对策分析——以甘肃省为例

社会主义新农村建设离不开农村金融的支持,甘肃省农村金融支持三农的力度虽然在逐年提升,但农村资金大量外流、支农贷款有效供给不足等问题仍很严重,其关键原因在于欠发达地区金融支持三农存在信贷体系的关键性机制缺失和农村发展落后等制约因素。本文针对欠发达地区农村金融支农的制约因素,提出了提高农村金融支农效能的对策。     

高速铁路动车组检修资源布局优化研究

高速铁路网的日趋完善,高速列车开行数量的进一步增加,对高速铁路动车组检修资源布局提出新的要求。为合理优化动车组检修资源布局,提高动车组检修效率,在分析我国动车段和动车运用所管理模式及布局方案的基础上,将动车组检修资源布局优化问题转化为基于多基地车辆路径运用的基地选址问题,基于"备选运用所-运输需求-动车组运用"间的关联关系构建动车组运用检修接续网络,建立动车组检修资源布局优化模型。以某区域的铁路网为例,利用近远期规划优化动车组检修资源布局,验证模型有效性,为今后动车组检修资源布局优化提供参考。     

Size,value, and momentum in developed country equity returns: Macroeconomic and liquidity exposures

The paper investigates value and momentum factors in 23 developed international stock markets. We find that typically value and momentum premia are smaller and more negatively correlated for large market capitalization stocks relative to small. Momentum factors are more highly correlated internationally relative to value. We provide international evidence on three sets of risk exposures of value and momentum returns: macroeconomic risk, funding liquidity risk, and stock market liquidity risk. We find that value returns are typically lower prior to a recession while momentum returns often exhibit little sensitivity. Value returns are typically lower in times of poor funding liquidity, whereas, with notable exceptions, momentum returns are typically unaffected. Lastly, for almost all countries, value returns are high in poor stock market liquidity conditions.     

中国企业对发达国家投资与自主创新能力的实证研究

当代国际直接投资实践表明,引进外国投资很难获得先进技术,而发展对外直接投资则是获得国外先进技术的重要途径之一。本文选取中国1995～2012年对20个发达国家的对外直接投资数据,对发达国家投资与自主创新能力进行检验,运用计量模型进行实证研究。结果显示,中国企业对发达国家投资与自主创新能力之间存在着紧密和稳定的正向关系,对发达国家的直接投资对中国的自主创新能力有提升作用。此外,研究与开发投入对于企业创新有明显的正向效应,而科技活动人员数量对发明专利授权量存在负向影响。     

发达国家企业如何持续改进产品质量

改进产品质量是事关企业发展前途命运的大事，改进产品质量越来越成为企业赢得市场竞争胜利的重要课题，发达国家在这方面颇有建树。本文从个个方面进行归纳，揭示了他们持续改进产品质量的运作轨迹。     

Chinese and British consumers’ evaluation of Chinese and international brands and factors affecting their choice

This paper examines Chinese and British consumers’ evaluations of Chinese, and international brands, and factors affecting their brand choice. The results support recent findings of a decline in Western brands’ preference in China. But, these are attributed to several factors. The findings show country of origin does not affect Chinese brand choice, has a great effect on British choice between Chinese and other brands; brand value, and brand familiarity influence Chinese choice whereas brand reputation, and brand trust determine British choice. Implications for Chinese domestic and international expansion strategies, demographics’ influence, and cultural differences are discussed.     

Does ethics improve stock market resilience in times of instability?

This paper compares the resilience of ethical (Islamic and socially responsible) indexes among five developed (US, UK, Japan, Canada, Australia) and three emerging markets (Brazil, India, South Africa) during the period following the 2008 subprime crisis. It relies on a multivariate CAPM-EGARCH model that accounts for sudden changes in volatility through the application of an iterated cumulative sums of squares (ICSS) algorithm on daily data over the sample period 2008–2014 to model time-varying volatility and ensure reliable estimates. The study confirms the lower systemic risk associated with Islamic indexes during the bearish period and reports that SRI, despite being more subject to systemic risk, offered higher alphas in highly integrated markets, while Islamic indexes performed better in less integrated ones. The evidence also reveals a very limited increase in the models’ predictability power from the integration of sudden changes in volatility into the EGARCH models during the full sample period. This limit is more marked during the bearish sub-period. Our findings have important implications for international investment and portfolio diversification perspectives in times of financial downturn.     

Nonlinear tail dependence in cryptocurrency-stock market returns: The role of Bitcoin futures

We investigate the median and tail dependence between cryptocurrency and stock market returns of BRICS and Developed countries using a newly developed nonparametric cumulative measure of dependence over the period January 4, 2016 – December 31, 2019 as well as before and after the introduction of Bitcoin futures on December 17, 2017. The new measure is model-free and permits measuring tail risk. The results highlight the leading role of S&P500, Nasdaq and DAX 30 in predicting BRICS and developed countries’ stock market returns. Among BRICS countries, BVSP shows a starring role in predicting stock market returns. BSE 30 is the most predictor of cryptocurrencies, which have a little predictability on stock market returns. Ethereum has the leading role in predicting cryptocurrencies and stock market returns followed by Bitcoin. Tail dependence shows substantial role of S&P500, Nasdaq and BVSP in predicting stock market returns. Subsample analysis show the role of Bitcoin futures in reshaping the mean and tail dependence between cryptocurrency and stock market returns. Our results have important policy implications for portfolio managers, hedge funds and investors.     

A Cross-Country Empirical Analysis of International Reserves

Using data from more than 100 economies for the period of 1975 to 2005, we conduct an extensive empirical analysis of the determinants of international reserve holdings. Four groups of determinants, namely, traditional macro variables, financial variables, institutional variables, and dummy variables that control for individual economies’ characteristics are considered. We find that the relationship between international reserves and their determinants is significantly different between developed and developing economies and is not stable over time. The estimation results indicate that, especially during the recent period, a developed economy tends to hold a lower level of international reserves than a developing one. Furthermore, there is only limited evidence that East Asian economies including China and Japan are accumulating an excessive amount of international reserves.     

Linkages between emerging and developed equity markets: Empirical evidence in the PMG framework

This paper empirically investigates the international equity market causal links between Central and South-Eastern Europe, on the one hand, and developed countries (Western Europe and the United States), on the other hand, over the monthly sample period spanning from October 2000 to September 2012. Unlike previous studies, we use the pooled mean group (PMG) approach of Pesaran et al. (1999), which is suitable to estimate dynamic heterogeneous panels to draw reliable conclusions. After cointegration is found between the stock markets of interest, the PMG estimates show evidence of each market's sensitivity to the fluctuations of the other markets over both the short- and long-run, supporting the feedback hypothesis. The impact of developed markets on emerging markets is more important than that of emerging markets on developed markets and the bidirectional impact is higher between emerging and Western European markets than between these emerging markets and the United States. These conclusions are robust to an alternative specification, which supports the view that the stock markets are closely interlinked. The findings are of great interest and have important implications for policy makers, investors, and practitioners.