重庆市“一事一议”财政奖补制度试点的总体分析

重庆市“一事一议”财政奖补试点工作取得了显著成效,主要在于建设了公益设施,改善了农村生产生活条件;带动了多方投入,突破了“决难行”问题;拉动了农村内需,助推了农村经济多面开花;调动了农民积极性,提高了农民民主管理能力。实践证明：“一事一议”财政奖补制度比传统的公共品供给制度更加显著地提高了供给效率,更加充分地调动了各方面的积极性。更加有效地促进了党群干群关系的融洽。     

提高《大学生职业生涯规划》实践教学质量的探讨

实践教学是《大学生职业生涯规划》课程的重要组成部分,实践教学质量的提高,对其课程的教学效果和教学目标的实现具有重要的意义。文章从重构教学理念、调整教学目标、完善教学内容、改进教学方法、注重实践教学的考核等方面,对实践教学质量的提高进行了探讨。     

高校企业所得税问题探讨

随着高等教育体制改革不断深入,高校适应市场经济的能力不断加强,高校的经济活动日益频繁。为调节相关经济活动,国家出台了一系列高校企业所得税税收政策,加强高校的税收管理工作。通过全面了解高校企业所得税税收政策,掌握高校企业所得税有关优惠待遇,研究高校企业所得税的核算方法,探讨高校企业所得税存在的问题及改革对策,并提出对高校企业所得税缓征及免征的建议。     

The Association between Disclosure,Distress, and Failure

The quality of corporate disclosures has drawn increasing levels of criticism from Congress and the SEC. A subject of particularly intense scrutiny and action is the Management’s Discussion and Analysis (MD&A). This narrative, intended to provide an inside perspective on the reported results of the firm, is particularly important when attempting to evaluate the investment prospects of the marginal or poorly performing firm. However, managers may restrict the information content of the disclosure, raising potential concerns about ethical behavior. In this study, we employ a proprietary instrument to measure the quality of MD&A disclosures for a sample of firms entering financial distress. We evaluate the disclosure behavior of these firms in an effort to determine whether changes in the disclosure appear to be motivated primarily by economic or ethical concerns. We find, on average, that firms increase disclosure quality in the year of initial distress. However, sustained increases in disclosure quality are limited to firms that subsequently recover from the distress. The results suggest that observed changes in disclosure are driven primarily by economic considerations, rather than ethical ones, especially in good economic times.     

市场有效性假定的收益检验与波动性检验方法综述

介绍了市场有效性假定的游程检验,DF检验以及方差比检验的方法和相关实证研究的结果,与以上基于股票市场收益的市场有效性检验相对应,对市场有效性假定的波动性检验方法以及实证结果进行了述评。市场有效性的收益检验大多支持市场有效性假定,而同时波动性检验却反对市场有效性假定。波动性检验和收益检验结果的矛盾表明市场有效性假定的研究方法和思路还需要进一步的发展。     

国有企业内部控制机制建设的探讨

介绍了企业内部控制机制的基本含义和基本特征,并结合对财政部等五部委颁布的《企业内部控制基本规范》的学习和理解,阐述了建设国有企业内部控制机制应遵循的基本原则、内部控制的基本方式等。同时,探讨在国有企业内部控制机制建设的过程中应重视解决的问题。     

Observing discussion forums and product innovation – A way to create consumer value? Case heart-rate monitors

This paper demonstrates how discussion forums can be used in product innovation to create value with consumers. The literature shows the value of sport addicts and hobbyists as innovators in product innovation, consequently this study is also related and relevant to sports activities. It is an empirical study based on substantial qualitative data collected from 28 discussion forums, of which 20 of the longest discussions were chosen for qualitative analysis. This paper complements the academic literature by providing information about consumer value creation in discussion forums without company interaction. The discussions contain basic, performance and excitement factors, of which performance factors are the most abundant. Both product improvement ideas and consumers eager to participate in innovation can be found in the discussions. A key to success for a company is a systematic plan showing the potential use of the extensive information in the discussions. This paper introduces closed company innovative forums which are maintained or product innovation evangelists to direct the discussion and keep consumers interested in participation. This is a new means to find out and further develop promising ideas for product innovation with consumers.     

It's OK to pay well,if you write well: The effects of remuneration disclosure readability

We examine whether, and how, shareholders’ votes in the Say-on-Pay (SOP) are affected by the readability of the Compensation Discussion and Analysis (CD&A). Despite the SEC's Plain English requirement, qualitative disclosures on executive remuneration are generally long and complex. Extant evidence on whether low readability results in higher or lower shareholder dissent in the SOP, however, is ambiguous. We resolve this debate by demonstrating that the effects of readability on SOP voting are heterogeneous; while obfuscation may reduce dissent when CEO compensation is close to “normal” levels, diminished readability results in increased scepticism when pay levels are clearly excessive. The moderating role of readability is most pronounced for firms with less sophisticated shareholders, consistent with readability acting as a heuristic cue. Our results are robust to propensity score matching, and are less pronounced (1) when shareholders have less time to review the CD&A, and (2) when shareholders are distracted by competing AGMs, suggesting they are driven by readability, directly. Overall, our results highlight that greater use of Plain English in remuneration disclosures can have a substantial persuasive impact on shareholders.     

担保行业开展标准化工作的研究和探讨

在担保行业全面开展标准化，是促进担保行业健康发展的重要途径。文章结合我国担保行业发展现状，探讨并提出如何做好担保行业标准化工作的思路。     

对我国商业银行内部审计有效性的探讨

由于受到国际金融危机的影响，我国商业银行面临的经营环境更加复杂，竞争也更加激烈，所以商业银行必须提高风险管理水平，以适应外部环境的变化。商业银行内部审计作为独立的“第三道防线”，对于提高商业银行风险管理能力，督促全面风险管理体系建设与健全内部控制有着不可替代的作用。因此商业银行内部审计必须从体制、方式、技术及人力等方面增强工作的有效性，以发挥自身作用，提高商业银行的风险防范能力。