The effects of transition on the distribution of income in China

Using two large samples for 1988 and 1995 we decompose the Gini coefficient of household income according to type of income with the purpose of analyzing reasons for the rapid increase of inequality. The results show that the change in relative size of money income and its changed profile are found to be the major processes behind the rapid increase of income inequality in rural China. Changes in housing allocation and an increased number of retirees in combination with higher benefits have made inequality increase in urban China and in China as a whole. JEL classification: D31, P27.     

A Critique of the Legal and Philosophical Case for Rent Control

Rent control is an economic abomination. It diverts investments away from residential rent units, it leads to their deterioration, it is responsible for urban decay such as in the South Bronx, it does not help poor tenants, it is a horrendous means of income redistribution. Yet this economic regulation is beloved of intellectuals (hot beds of pro rent control sentiment are Berkeley, Ann Arbor and Cambridge) particularly in the legal and philosophical communities. The present article is dedicated to an exploration and rejection of the arguments in behalf of rent control which emanate from this source.     

Demand‐side housing policy in Costa Rica: a response to the housing deficit

The purpose of this study was to establish what the housing needs of Costa Rica are and to assess what policies have been implemented to respond to their housing deficit. In order to answer these questions, a combined methodology consisting of primary and secondary data was used. Using open‐ended questions and a topic schedule, face‐to‐face interviews with Costa Rican housing authorities were conducted at the interviewee's work place in Costa Rica in May 2003. The most recent secondary data available in the country was used to compute the housing deficit and to study the effects of demographics on current housing needs. Sources of the secondary data were the Costa Rica Ministry of Housing and Human Settlements, and the National Institute of Statistics and Census. The Costa Rican government has made great progress in reforming the housing finance system in order to meet the housing demand of its citizens. In 2002, Costa Rica had a 75.6% home ownership rate. Yet, even in light of the housing system's current success, many social, economic and political barriers threaten to undermine its accomplishments and the peoples’ ability to obtain safe and affordable housing. The paper considers the strengths and weaknesses of the current housing finance system as well as the government strategies for addressing difficulties.     

城市旅游住宅地产发展研究

随着旅游业与房地产业的进一步深化结合,旅游住宅地产经营模式正在被众多企业广泛采用,成为城市房地产开发的主流之一.本文结合旅游住宅地产开发经营的实际,对其发展类型、经营特点、潜在的机遇与风险进行了系统的分析,阐述了这一经营模式的应用前景和发展趋势,以期对城市旅游住宅地产的实际经营进行有益的探讨.     

中国城市住宅市场的结构差异性分析

市场价商品房、经济适用住房和廉租房构成了目前中国城市住宅市场的供应体系.依据中国30个主要城市的房地产开发统计数据,选择吸纳率作为评价住宅市场供需均衡状态的指标,利用固定影响变截距模型,重点研究了商品房和经济适用住房供给结构的城市差异性.研究发现,在城市住宅市场中,经济适用住房市场和商品房市场具有很强的相关性.作为具有政府资助性质的经济适用住房建设,存在典型的地域性特征,其政策的设定和实施会对整个住宅市场产生影响,地方政府应在利用比较全面的住宅市场指标体系进行综合分析基础上,制定适合本地的经济适用住房政策.     

制度环境的改善与我国房贷证券化的推进

实行房贷证券化,能够积极有效地推动银行和金融市场的发展,增强国家宏观政策施行的效果,从而促进经济社会的发展。借鉴美国等模式的经验,推进我国房贷证券化,需要构建适合我国MBS发展模式及其体制建设,为住房抵押贷款证券化提供发展空间,创造发展环境。     

城市住宅用地空间扩张机制与调控对策

城市住宅用地空间扩张的必然性与土地资源的稀缺性这一对矛盾,在城市化进程迅速推进的今天显得尤为尖锐,如何实现城市居民居住质量的提高与城市土地资源的可持续利用成为迫切需要解决的问题。文章总结了我国当前城市住宅用地扩张的特点,从经济、制度、技术以及人为干预四个方面对我国当前城市住宅用地空间扩张机制进行了解析,并对城市住宅用地空间扩张过程所出现的问题提出了相关调控措施。     

试论住宅商品化的支撑体系

本文从住宅商品化内涵分析入手,针对当前我国住宅商品化进程中存在的主要问题,提出并论述了由四个基本内容构成的住宅商品化支撑体系①观念支撑;②价格支撑;③金融支撑;④市场支撑.通过对这一问题的深入探索,以期对我国的住宅商品化和住房制度改革有所裨益.     

城区特征对房贷的影响

城区特征通过多种途径影响商业银行住房抵押贷款决策.商业银行可以根据城区特征判断一个城区的住房抵押贷款违约风险,进而确定对该城区的最低首付款比例或拒贷率.通过分析国外城区特征对商业银行住房抵押贷款决策的影响机制,联系我国实际情况,指出我国商业银行根据城区特征进行住房抵押贷款决策具有合理性,建议商业银行密切关注城区住房价格波动率,并建议政府限制中低收入城区商业银行的数量.