“一带一路”背景下新疆农业资源配置效率及优化

[目的]通过测算新疆农业资源配置效率,并提出优化方案,以期抓住"一带一路"建设机遇实现新疆农业的可持续快速发展。[方法]采用DEA分析方法,在兼顾经济效益和生态效应的原则下选取3个产出指标和7个投入指标,选取2010~2015年新疆16个市州区作为研究样本采用B2C静态评价模型研究新疆农业资源配置效率,并提出从纯技术效率或规模效率入手优化资源配置的优化方案。[结果]新疆16市州区除了克拉玛依市、吐鲁番地区和生产建设兵团综合技术效率的值为1外,其余的都未达到生产前沿面,说明新疆大部分市州农业资源配置与经营规模不适应,农业资源未到达最优配置,存在浪费现象;新疆16个市州区的综合技术效率均值为0.714,说明新疆农业资源配置效率总体状况低效。[结论]新疆农业资源配置总体效率较高,但仍存在地区差异,部分地市的农业资源投入均不同程度出现冗余,其中化肥、农药和农膜使用量过剩现象较突出。同时发现,"一带一路"发展战略的实施给新疆农业发展提供了良好的发展机遇。     

The co-ordination of strategic initiatives within global organizations: the role of global teams

Given the growth in the globalization of organizations, the ability to co-ordinate initiatives of the headquarters and subsidiaries is rapidly becoming a major concern of management. The use of global task teams is explored in this paper to address co-ordination in global networks. A theoretical framework is developed to derive a model for the use of global teams as co-ordinating mechanisms of strategic initiatives in a global organization. The use of teams as a means to intervene between headquarters and subsidiaries is explored, illustrating the unique social capital of global teams. In addition, the potential issues in managing task teams in global organizations are discussed.     

后疫情时代中国智能驾驶创新扩散特征研究——基于创新扩散理论深度调研

基于罗杰斯创新扩散理论,采用立意抽样法,对涵盖智能驾驶创新扩散源、潜在受用群体的25家典型机构中的95名受访者进行深度调研,结合资料分析、现场观察等质性研究法,勾勒中国智能驾驶创新扩散实践经历新冠肺炎疫情前后呈现的不同创新属性扩散模式特征。结果发现：①新冠肺炎疫情虽然在一定程度上消解了L1—L5级智能驾驶创新扩散源与政府及限定场景潜在受用群体创新属性之间的矛盾,却将新矛盾聚焦于非专业人士教育培训与操作易用性诉求上;②新冠肺炎疫情加快了政府及限定场景潜在受用群体对智能驾驶创新的认知进程,使得智能驾驶创新劝服与决策过程直接进入实施阶段;③智能驾驶创新采纳者钟形曲线分布发生偏移,原先属于落后者、晚期大多数类别的潜在受用群体不断向早期大多数类别身份转换。最终,提出积极寻求疫情与复工场景应用机会、定向开发并拓展产品线、加速技术迭代与升级等应急举措,以面对突发性公共危机时能够继续维系有效的扩散实践。     

Toward regional financial and monetary cooperation in East Asia1

The financial and economic crisis in 1997–98 came as a dramatic shock to East Asian economies, and has prompted to institutionalize a regional financial and monetary cooperation. This paper demonstrates the strong will of East Asian countries to develop the regional financial and monetary cooperation, outlines recent developments, and provides possible prospects for the future. It points out that the option to keep consistent with the IMF system actually weakens regional solidarity, and recommends an immediate establishment of a strong regional surveillance and peer pressure mechanism for the Chiang Mai Initiative (CMI) to evolve into a common pool of foreign exchange reserves, a sort of East Asian IMF. It also argues that East Asian countries should closely coordinate their exchange rate regime to maintain intra‐regional and extra‐regional exchange rate stability.     

Environmental performance evaluation: A state-level DEA analysis

In recent years, the continuous development of every country's economic activities has generated undesirable impacts on the environment. Common problems are high water and energy consumption rates, jointly with harmful pollution levels. This situation has gained the research community's interest in exploring and analyzing the extent to which initiatives to reduce such environmental problems have succeeded. Therefore, it is relevant to have measures that encompass information on the results obtained by such initiatives. Using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology, it is possible to measure the efficiency of an entity under evaluation, such as an industry, state, or country. DEA also allows one to compare the performance measures of entities operating in similar circumstances and identify which entities are performing best, given the inputs they use and the outputs they produce. This study evaluates different states in Mexico in terms of their environmental performance and provides a perspective on how environmental initiatives can contribute to protecting and preserving the environment. By addressing this problem, best-performers and practices are identified, and valuable insights are gained regarding how each state carries out such initiatives.     

库存-运输整合优化的仿真分析

库存-运输整合优化问题（ITIO）是供应链协调的重要方面,是将供应链中的库存和运输问题综合分析,以期降低供应链成本,提高供应链绩效,实现库存和运输的协调。本文探讨了仿真方法在库存一运输整合优化战略层面的应用,并进行了实证分析。     

一带一路下常州优势产业建设助力城市对外开放新格局研究

一带一路倡议是我国近年来经济发展的重要方向,在一带一路倡议的带动下,常州市作为长三角经济带中的重要城市,也迎来了不可多得的发展契机。对此,本课题厘清一带一路、优势产业、城市对外开放等关键概念内涵,介绍研究思路、研究方法、可能的创新和不足。以常州市为研究对象,从服务主体、服务客体、服务内容、服务方式和服务体制等方面分析常州市推进对外开放新格局存在的问题并分析背后成因。系统梳理常州市优势产业转型升级形势和城市对外开放格局现状,在一带一路的背景下分析问题产生的主要原因,结合国内外城市优势产业助推城市对外开放格局建设的经验,根据常州市实际提出具体对策建议。     

“一带一路”能否助推我国全球价值链攀升——基于基础设施建设的中介效应分析

提升全球价值链地位是新发展格局下畅通国际循环的应有之义，"一带一路"倡议提出已近7年，其对我国全球价值链地位的影响究竟如何仍有待科学论证。文章基于2009-2017年我国30个省市的面板数据，采用双重差分倾向得分匹配法（PSM-DID），考察了"一带一路"倡议的提出对我国全球价值链地位提升的影响，并从传统基础设施建设与新型基础设施建设的双重视角探讨其内在逻辑。研究发现："一带一路"倡议有效提升了我国GVC地位，且政策效应具有滞后性。将基础设施建设纳入多重中介效应模型检验发现，基础设施建设是"一带一路"建设提升GVC地位的重要途径；并且，当前传统基础设施建设对GVC地位的提升力度（1.94%）依然高于新型基础设施建设（0.09%）。进一步，面板门槛回归模型的结果表明基础设施结构具有门槛效应，新基建投资占比超过23.11%以后，其对GVC地位的中介效应才能凸显。实现基础设施的"双轮驱动"作用，需进一步加大对新基建的关注。上述结论对于"一带一路"建设背景下，科学推动基础设施建设，进而促进我国GVC地位提升具有一定的启示意义。     

Education for sustainable development: current discourses and practices and their relevance to technology education

Technology education is a well-established field of knowledge whose applications have many ramifications. For example, technology education may be used as a tool in meeting the challenges of sustainable development. However, the usefulness of technology education to the sustainability debate as a whole and to education for sustainable development in particular, has largely been overlooked in the past. Indeed, there is a paucity of academic studies which examine the contribution technology education may provide to education for sustainable development. On the basis of the need to address this knowledge gap, this paper reviews the state of affairs in relation to education for sustainable development and considers its links and appropriateness to technology education. A further objective of this paper is to present examples of initiatives and existing practices around the world, drawing partly from the results of the 1st European Conference on Education for Sustainable Development held in Greece in October 2007, as well as from other initiatives undertaken in Europe and North America. Finally, some measures that may be adopted in order to enhance the contribution of technology education to education for sustainable development are outlined.     

大学创新引领国家创新

文章明确提出了国家创新力决定世界竞争力的观点,扼要分析了我国科技创新的现状,系统探讨了创新的丰富内涵、创新型国家的国际标准、我国科技发展的战略目标和创新道路,深刻阐述了创新的重大意义,重点研究了加速科技创新的重要举措。并用事实说明,高校不仅是培养创新人才的基地,也是产生创新成果的中心,肩负着建设创新型国家的排头兵、主力军和动力源的重要使命。