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John Charles Bradbury 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》2006,29(2):211-224
The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) gives states the option to enforce federal occupational safety and health
standards on their own instead of relying on the federal Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA). This legislative
provision provides an opportunity to analyze a homogenous set of regulatory standards enforced by heterogeneous agents engaged
in interjurisdictional competition. This study finds important differences in the effectiveness of enforcement options measured
by occupational mortality. State-administered OSHA programs are associated with fewer workplace fatalities than states regulated
at the federal level. This finding is consistent with regulatory federalism and government-as-facilitator models of OSHA enforcement. 相似文献
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Inspections are an important tool for enforcing OSHA regulations. As with any enforcement procedure, OSHA inspections are
an effective tool to the extent that they are conducted in a consistent manner. In this study we compared 3,000 inspections
randomly initiated by OSHA with 3,000 inspections conducted by OSHA in response to an employee complaint. Significant differences
in both process and outcome variables were found between the two types of inspections. We discuss the findings in terms of
the “threat effect” as a tool for enforcement of OSHA safety standards. 相似文献
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This paper analyzes the protection of employees against employer retatliation for seeking a safe and healthy workplace. It discusses the exercise of rights guaranteed by the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970 and compares the legal protection of Section 11(c) of that Act with the grievance arbitration mechanism found in most union contracts. It also considers the importance of union representation in the ability and protection of employees seeking to exercise their OSHA rights. Administrative and legislative recommendations are made to improve the OSHA procedures, and questions are raised regarding adapting arbitration procedures to the OSHA mechanism. 相似文献
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