Socio-demographics,political attitudes and informal sector employment: A cross-country analysis

In this paper, we empirically investigate the relationship between informal sector employment and micro-level socio-demographic characteristics, political acts and attitudes, and individual norms. Using self-reported individual micro-level data from the World Values Survey for seven developing countries (China, Ecuador, Egypt, Mexico, Peru, South Africa and Yemen), our cross-country regressions and principal component analysis reveal that socio-demographic characteristics of individuals are strong predictors of their informal sector employment. Our estimations further document that individual preferences for an economically strong, interventionist and egalitarian state and confidence in state and political institutions are positively and significantly correlated with informal sector employment, whereas variables associated with confidence in free market institutions and support for competition are negatively and significantly correlated with informal sector employment. We also show that individuals who participate either actively or inactively in peaceful and lawful political processes are significantly less likely to work in the informal sector. Finally, we document that individual norms, such as religiosity and tax morale, are negatively correlated with informal sector employment. Throughout our analysis, instead of having to rely on ad-hoc informality categorizations of third parties, we base our measurement of informal sector employment directly on the self-evaluation of individuals, who have the best information on the degree of their informality.     

Domestic political connections and international expansion: It's not only ‘who you know’ that matters

Former politicians on the board of directors bring to the firm domestic political connections and political knowledge. Previous research has mainly highlighted the role of contacts, without fully recognizing the role of political knowledge accumulated at home. By focusing on the effect of domestic political connections on foreign direct investment, we show that domestic political knowledge also shapes foreign expansion. We argue that contacts provided by former politicians may not be useful for foreign expansion whilst their political knowledge can be of help in countries with discretionary governments and with similar institutional environments to the one of the home country.     

The impact of airline internal branding on work outcomes using job satisfaction as a mediator

Within the context of the airline industry, this study offers an integrated approach measuring the effects of internal brand communication, brand-centered training, transformational leadership, brand ideology, and internal brand communities on job satisfaction and work outcomes. It further explores the role of job satisfaction as a mediator between internal branding and work outcomes. Following an analysis of 485 responses, we find that leadership, ideology, and communities positively influence job satisfaction, which in turn affects intention-to-stay, team performance, and brand commitment. Job satisfaction is also found to mediate the relationships between internal branding (i.e., transformational leadership, brand ideology, and internal brand communities) and work outcomes. These findings highlight that appropriate branding strategies can enhance airline development through employee satisfaction.     

A political ideology lens on social entrepreneurship motivations

ABSTRACT

The traditional literature regarding social entrepreneurship does not question the political dimension. On the contrary, it tends to de-politicize societal issues. A growing number of researchers underline how this perspective cannot address the complexity and the dialogical nature of social entrepreneurship. However, while there may be a case for incorporating a political perspective, there is currently no conceptual framework to systematically inform an empirical exploration of the role played by the political vision of entrepreneurs. In this paper, we use the concept of political ideology to offer a solid framework to show how politics can shape social entrepreneurs’ motivations. More precisely we identify three political profiles – anti-statist, reformist and neoliberal – which shape the motives to engage in social entrepreneurship. We take an embedded case study approach of 17 social entrepreneurs involved in a social innovation boot camp and reveal the existence of both, left and right-wing approaches in social entrepreneurship.     

两合计划:从政府需要角度透视其职能转变

立足政府需要,从侧面对当前政府职能转变过程进行分析和探讨,希望以政府本身作为理性实体的运作为基础,对该问题进行解释。     

以企业文化为切入点加强和改进企业思想政治工作

企业为了搞好经营，都十分重视提高员工的工作积极性，而提高员工的工作积极性往往采取增加薪酬、改善福利的方式，当然，这种方式的运用无可厚非，也比较见效，但随着企业各项制度的不断完善和员工构成的高学历化，单纯的经济刺激已不足以应对员工的多元化需求；因此重新审视我党的思想政治工作，将它与企业文化建设有机结合，在提高员工经济收入的同时，努力提高员工的“精神收入”，成为企业提升管理品质、吸引人才、锻造内力的有效途径。     

共享环境:一种微环境类型与设计观念

本文提出了一个新的环境概念——共享环境，从活跃的微环境实例入手，通过分析、归纳，提出共享环境的定义，认为它是人工环境的一种类型。作为一种过渡与联系的空间，它具有开放性、易接近性、公共性、非确定性，也有着一定的空间规模；同时它也是诱发和容纳公众自发性随机活动的场所，为多层次使用者共享，有社会化的属性。     

正确处理马克思主义政治经济学与西方经济学的关系,巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位

在实行改革开放和社会主义市场经济的形势下,面临着坚持和巩固马克思主义政治经济学在经济科学中的指导地位和正确处理马克思主义政治经济学与现代西方经济学的关系的问题,本文认为,为处理好二者之间的关系,首先应当划清它们的原则区别和界限,只有这样,才能明确应该坚持什么,反对什么,借鉴什么,才能理解为什么在经济学教学中理论基础课不能实行双轨制,也谈不上马克思主义政治经济学与现代西方经济学二者相互融合。     

意识形态理论与媒介传播的"真实性"研究

“真实性”是媒介传播中的重要范畴，也是当前学界和业界许多争论的核心问题之一。该文从意识形态的视角，结合媒介传播的特性，从三个方面对媒介传播的“真实性”进行了深入的讨论。第一，“个人观点不代表本台（报）”；第二，“诗人的尖塔高出党派的阁楼”；第三，媒介功能——中国特色的媒介传播的真实。     

新时期文学创作中女性意识确立的尝试

新时期文学在新的历史背景与思想高度下，延续并推进了“五四”文学关于女性命运思索的主题，在作品中表达了对本体生命的张扬，并开始用“分辨”的眼光考察两性在社会、情感、心理和伦理等方面的差异，为女性意识的确立做了观念上的准备和尝试。