水产科研人员考评工作初探

建立有效的考评指标体系,是加强水产科技人员管理,建立和完善用人机制的客观要求。在分析国内外人员考核领域研究现状的基础上,指出了我国人员考评工作存在的问题。文章结合水产科研实际,根据所从事专业技术工作的不同,将水产科研人员分为四类,并对考评中应采用的考核指标进行了初步探讨,最后就定性分析和定量分析结合问题及考评结果的使用对水产科研人员考评工作提出了建议。     

Urban recreation research: An overview

Despite the fact that the population of the United States ha shifted from largely rural to largely urban in this century, the commitment to research in recreation, inadequate as it is, has remained in the hinterlands. There is no critical mass of recreation researchers focusing on urban recreation as there now is focused on outdoor recreation. Urban recreation studies have been noncumulative in nature due to the wide range their sponsors, staff, substantive topics, lack of generalizability, and inevitable tensions between practitioners and researchers. Ironically, urban recreational research, and support of it, has diminished in this country at the same time that there has been an increasing concern for such information and knowledge. The future looks bleak insofar as the development of a strong, major, national urban recreation research program is concerned.     

科研人员的时间分配与生活满意度--性别的视角

在各种职业群体中,专业技术人员工作时间最长,作为其子群体的科研人员工作时间长、压力大是不争的事实,但目前学术界对科研人员时间分配状况与其生活满意度的关系还没有可靠的研究。本研究利用“科技工作者时间利用状况调查”数据,分析我国科研人员时间分配状况与生活满意度的关系,并对其中的性别差异做分析。研究发现,工作时间中科研时间所占的比例与满意度负相关,家务劳动时间过长或过短都负面影响满意度,通勤时间也负面影响满意度,睡眠时间越长满意度越高,休闲娱乐时间长短对满意度的影响不明显;男性科研人员和女性科研人员时间分配与满意度关系模式不同,科研时间占比、通勤时间对男性有影响,家务时间对女性有影响。     

国内科研人员激励研究范围与热点分析

随着我国科技体制改革的深入,科研人员激励问题成为社会和学术的焦点。通过对收集的文献分析,发现国内科研人员激励研究的范围与内容主要存在几个方面:一是收入分配与科研人员激励研究;二是科研人员评价研究;三是科研人员激励宏观政策研究;四是科研人员激励机制研究;五是不同类型组织中的科研人员激励研究景,这五个研究热点构成了国内科研人员激励的研究范围。这些热点不是孤立的,而是相互交叉,在研究中应侧重于系统视角。     

Precarious postdocs: A comparative study on recruitment and selection of early-career researchers

This paper investigates how the recruitment and selection for project-based postdoc positions are organised in the current academic landscape characterised by increasing temporary research funding and how principal investigators construct the ‘ideal’ postdoc. Our findings are based on a qualitative comparative multiple-case study in Social and Natural Sciences departments of universities in four European countries. This study contributes to the literature on the neoliberal university and academic staff evaluation by using a systemic, power-sensitive approach that examines how postdocs enter the academic system and how manifestations of precarity are exacerbated. Our critical analysis reveals three manifestations of precarity that the current academic system creates for postdocs, related to control, contracts, and careers. We discuss the effects for individual postdocs and their careers and the quality of knowledge production in public funded higher education institutions.     

企业研发人员管理探析

企业竞争日趋激烈,必须对研发人员进行有效的管理,才能在市场中立于不败之地。本文首先分析了企业研发人员的构成与特点及管理的现状与原因,接着针对上述情况,分别从人员招聘、培训、绩效管理、激励体系、薪酬管理、人力资源保护和职业生涯规划七个方面进行针对性的研发人员管理策略研究。最后,总结全文,得出企业对研发人员的合理有效的管理措施。     

巴西人才库Lattes平台在优化科研和教育管理中的作用及其借鉴意义

信息化时代,如何开发利用科技信息资源以辅助科研决策是科技管理人员和科研人员共同关心的问题。巴西人才库Lattes是一个为科技人员、教育人员、学生、研究团队和学术机构提供服务的科技人才履历表数据库,其开发的初衷在于为国家科研管理机构提供信息支持,以便协助科研管理。Lattes平台由履历表、机构名录、团队分类和展示分析四大部分构成,具有辅助决策、大数据资源和双向开发等特点。截至2013年底,Lattes平台已拥有各类人才电子履历276.5万份,成为巴西最重要的人力资源管理系统。通过详细介绍Lattes平台的基本情况、在巴西科研和教育发展中的应用以及平台建设成功的关键因素等,以期有助于我国开发统一的科技、教育人力资源系统工作的进行。     

Exploring the role of expedition staff in volunteer tourism

Conservation volunteer tourism (VT) (or nature conservation expedition)‐related organisations can provide a meeting point for both tourists and field‐based scientists. Expedition leaders should be aware of the needs of the volunteer tourists that can be fulfilled through VT. It appears that the role of expedition leaders is central to the successful execution of the VT expedition. This study aimed to understand the expedition leaders' perceptions of VT, their perspective of the expectations of their volunteer tourists and their requirements of the volunteers, and assess how volunteers perform with regard to those requirements. The results suggest that there may be some differences in perceptions between leaders and volunteer tourists that may affect the success of the expedition. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Threshold citation analysis of influential articles,journals, institutions and researchers in accounting

We use a threshold citation approach to measure the influence of articles, journals, institutions and researchers in accounting research. The Journal of Accounting Research, the Journal of Accounting and Economics and Accounting Review are the 3 most influential journals in accounting research. The 3 most influential institutions in accounting research are the University of Chicago, the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Michigan, while the 3 most frequently cited authors in accounting research are Richard G. Sloan, Robert E. Verrecchia and Paul M. Healy.     

Ritual legitimation, de-coupling and the budgetary process: managing organizational hypocrisies in a multinational company

The study of participation in the budgetary cycle has formed a prominent part of the research literature concerned with the budgetary process. More recently there has emerged a body of literature concerned with exploring the political and symbolic nature of the budgetary process. The paper reports upon the outcomes of an empirical study of the introduction of `budgetary participation' in a division of a European subsidiary of a large North American car manufacturer. We detail the long process of consultation and negotiation within the subsidiary, and between it and the European Headquarters. The study provides a revealing instance of the roles of formal budget participation as a ritual of control and legitimation without the substantive involvement of middle managers and suggested to us the introduction of de-coupling and organizational hypocrisy alongside the introduction of budget participation. The study pays close attention to the contingent effects of the wider political context of the division and the relationships between the division, its organizational context and organizational environment, and how this context played upon the budgetary process in the division. The outcomes that we analyse at `Delta' reflect the de-coupling strategies and organizational hypocrisies commonly found in public sector organizations. In this wider setting the corporation persists with the ritual of `tight' budget negotiation and target setting and apparent underachievement in performance. Yet we conclude that the complex technological and political context to the formation and siting of Delta continued and may continue to support its existence.$g0