市场学习能力、技术复杂性与新产品开发绩效关系研究

在开放式创新背景下,市场学习能力与新产品开发绩效的关系越来越受到关注。基于动态能力理论的“市场学习能力-产品开发流程能力-新产品开发绩效”理论框架展开实证分析,结果表明：产品开发流程能力在市场学习能力与新产品开发绩效间发挥中介作用;技术复杂性提高会强化市场学习能力对产品开发流程效率的促进作用、抑制市场知识探索对产品开发流程反应性的促进作用。     

高科技新创企业网络跨度与绩效的倒U型关系研究

由于网络关系管理和利用的复杂性以及组织资源、能力的限制，网络跨度与新创企业绩效之间的线性关系不断受到质疑。借鉴社会资本理论和能力观，考察网络跨度与新创企业绩效之间的关系本质，以及网络响应能力在上述关系中的重要作用。基于187份中国高科技新创企业数据，利用多元调节回归方法的实证结果表明，网络跨度与新创企业绩效间存在倒U型关系，网络响应能力在网络跨度与新创企业绩效间发挥调节效用，即通过有效管理和利用网络，优化网络跨度对高科技新创绩效的影响效应。最后，讨论研究的理论意义和实践价值。     

Research note: pricing behaviour across multiple distribution channels in the UK deposit account market: 1997-2001

In this research note the pricing behaviour of UK depository institutions is examined. The study uses daily interest rate data for 186 UK deposit saving accounts over the sample period, 1997-2001, which are distributed through branches and across postal and telephone networks. The relative level and dispersion of interest rates and the frequency and responsiveness of interest rate change are examined for deposit products that are distributed through different distribution channels. Slight and mostly insignificant interest rate differentials are recorded between deposit accounts distributed through branch, postal and telephone channels. Similarly, only small differences are recorded for the dispersion, frequency and responsiveness of interest rate change of deposit products distributed through different distribution channels.     

DESIGNING AND MANAGING MULTIPLE PIPELINES

There is a growing recognition that supply chains should be designed from “the customer backwards” rather than from “the company outwards.” If such a view is accepted then the implication is that since the organization will likely be serving multiple markets or segments, there will be the need to design and manage multiple pipelines to serve those different customers. To assist decision makers in their choice of appropriate supply chain design, a framework is proposed based upon multiple criteria. A case study is presented which highlights the benefits of selecting, engineering, and operating multiple pipelines tailored to the needs of the marketplace.     

制造企业供应商整合对供应商创新性影响研究

利用供应商创新性是制造企业集成外部资源与能力开展技术创新的有效途径,但激发供应商创新性的机制尚不明确。研究揭示了供应商整合构念及供应商创新性激发机理。对380个样本的实证研究显示,供应商整合分为关系整合、信息整合、计划整合与团队整合4个维度。关系整合正向影响计划整合和团队整合,信息整合正向影响计划整合。供应商整合正向影响供应商创新性,供应商响应性在上述关系中具有不完全中介作用。研究表明,供应商整合能直接激发供应商创新性,也可提升供应商响应性,而战略层面整合有助于运营层面整合的顺利实施。该结论可为制造企业充分激发供应商创新性,借助供应商提升技术创新能力的管理实践提供理论指导。     

网络导向与新企业绩效:基于关系学习和网络响应的链式中介模型

受新进入缺陷和小规模缺陷影响,新企业面临严重的资源约束。大多数研究认为网络导向有助于新企业在动态复杂的环境中获取资源并突破资源瓶颈,改善企业绩效。然而,现有管理实践表明,仅仅获取有价值的资源还不足以推动企业的持续成长,有效的资源编排才能导致竞争优势的构成和企业绩效的提升,但现有文献并未对"新企业如何在动态的环境中编排资源推进网络导向的实施以实现持续成长"这一问题形成洞见。为回答这一问题,文章基于资源编排理论,考察了关系学习、网络响应在网络导向与新企业绩效之间的多重中介作用,并通过Bootstrapping方法对177份新企业两阶段的跨期数据进行了实证分析。研究结果显示:网络导向正向促进新企业绩效,关系学习、网络响应在网络导向与新企业绩效关系中发挥了并列中介作用和链式中介作用,且在多条中介路径中,关系学习发挥的中介作用最大。上述研究结果不仅从资源编排的视角揭开了网络导向促进新企业绩效的作用机制,还有助于启发新企业管理者如何更好地管理资源以提升企业绩效。     

Sales force social exchange in problem resolution situations

While sales managers spend much of their time resolving sales force-related problems, existing theory offers little insight into the social exchange processes which occur in problem resolution situations. Using a qualitative inquiry method rooted in grounded theory, we uncover three key social exchange contributions used by sales managers when dealing with problem situations in the sales force: sales manager responsiveness, caring, and aggressiveness. We then show that the extent to which managers use these exchange contributions in problem situations is a function of manager characteristics, problem-specific characteristics, and the situational context. We also show that the extent to which managers invest in these three social exchange contributions has implications for the quality for the interpersonal relationships between salespeople and their managers, and for the effectiveness of problem resolution activity.     

THE ROLE OF LOGISTICS IN MARKET ORIENTATION

In today's increasingly competitive environment, survival depends on two key aspects of being market‐oriented ‐ understanding the external environment and executing decisions based on that understanding. Logistics personnel are uniquely positioned to play a key role in creating and maintaining a market‐oriented organization as they are progressively gaining more responsibilities in integrating cross‐functional processes and implementing supply chain strategies. This paper explores how logisticians participate in market orientation behaviors and how a market‐oriented logistics function impacts logistics and business performance. Based on a qualitative field research study involving in‐depth interviews with seventeen logistics personnel that draws and builds upon the logistics, market orientation, knowledge management, organizational behavior, information processing, and strategic management literatures, a theoretical model of logistics market orientation and its effect on logistics and business performance is developed and propositions are presented. Findings highlight logistics' central role in generating, disseminating, reaching a shared interpretation of, and responding to market intelligence.     

Total quality management,corporate social responsibility and performance in the hotel industry

Total quality management (TQM) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are relevant management philosophies in the hotel industry to be able to generate a sustainable competitive advantage. This paper examines how the implementation of both TQM and CSR influences the results of hotels’ stakeholders as an antecedent of business performance. An empirical study of a sample of 141 Spanish hotels from the Andalusian region shows that the adoption of such approaches improves the capacity of hotels to create benefits for their stakeholders, and these results have a positive effect on hotel performance. The study also provides evidence of the complementarity of both management philosophies as TQM can enhance the development of CSR.